Red Devil Cichlid - Amphilophus labiatus : Complete Fish Profile & Care Guide
Table of contents
Introduction
The Red Devil Cichlid (Amphilophus labiatus) stands as an engaging addition to large showcase tanks. Hailing from Central America, this Cichlid attains impressive dimensions, reaching lengths of up to 15 inches (38 cm). It has earned its reputation as one of the most formidable and aggressive members of the Cichlid family. Red Devil Cichlids are ideally suited for experienced Cichlid enthusiasts who possess a comprehensive understanding of their specific care needs and temperamental behaviours.
The Red Devil Cichlid, a species that captivates aquarists with its charismatic personality, exhibits remarkable owner-conscious behaviour. Known for forming strong bonds with their caretakers, these Cichlids engage in playful interactions reminiscent of canine companions. They display a penchant for following their owners around the room, eagerly seeking nourishment, showcasing vibrant colours, and partaking in other entertaining antics. The Red Devil Cichlid readily responds to activities such as feeding and aquarium maintenance.
The Red Devil Cichlid, known for its exceptionally aggressive nature, is best maintained either in isolation or as a well-established male-female pair. These Cichlids display a notable intolerance toward their conspecifics but may coexist with other robust cichlid species if provided with an exceptionally spacious environment exceeding 1000 litres, featuring an abundance of visual barriers.
Suitable tankmates could include other Central or South American Cichlids of similar size and disposition or large armoured Catfish. However, it is crucial to anticipate heightened aggression during the breeding period, which may necessitate the relocation of tankmates to a separate aquarium for their own safety. In certain instances, persistent breeding behaviour from the male can lead to harm to the female, necessitating close observation and the availability of a tank divider to separate an overly amorous male from his mate if required.
Red Devil Cichlids, due to their highly territorial nature and substantial growth potential, necessitate an expansive aquarium equipped with robust filtration systems. To establish a suitable substrate, opt for soft sand or small, rounded gravel. The provision of sizable pieces of driftwood and rocks or slate is recommended to create sheltered zones, although these structures should be firmly secured. These cichlids are known for their burrowing tendencies and may displace tank decor frequently. Therefore, it is prudent to secure rock pieces together with aquarium-grade silicon sealant before filling the tank.
Given the likelihood of substantial substrate displacement, the cultivation of aquatic plants is not practical in their presence. Safeguarding the heater with a protective cover is advisable to prevent breakages. Alternatively, consider utilizing a canister filter with an integrated heater, thus relocating the heater element outside the tank. Routine partial water changes are essential to maintain low nitrate levels in the aquarium. It is imperative to equip the aquarium with a securely fitting and weighted lid since these robust fish are known for their adept jumping abilities.
Red Devil Cichlids exhibit considerable variability in both body structure and colouration. In its natural habitat, its colouring typically adopts shades of dark brown to grey, facilitating camouflage within its surroundings and the substrate. However, noteworthy variations emerge, with individuals showcasing vibrant red, white, or yellow hues. Some particularly colourful specimens feature distinctive black-tipped tails and fins. Their robust, rubbery lips come in shades of black or orange, adding to the species' visual diversity.
Red Devil Cichlid Photos
Sexual Dimorphism
Distinguishing between male and female Red Devil Cichlids is a relatively straightforward task. In captivity, the male typically outgrows the female and displays a pointed genital papilla, whereas the female exhibits a blunt one. Furthermore, males have extended anal and dorsal fins and, in captivity, develop a permanent nuchal hump, a feature seen only temporarily during the breeding season in their natural habitat.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Amphilophus labiatus |
|---|---|
| Year Described | 1864 |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Classification | Actinopterygii |
| Order | Cichliformes |
| Family | Cichlidae |
| Genus | Amphilophus citrinellus Vieja melanurus |
| Origins | Nicaragua |
| Max Size | 38 cm |
| Temperament | Aggressive |
| Aquarium Level | Bottom - Middle |
| Difficulty | Intermediate - Advanced |
| Shoaling | No |
| Best kept as | Pairs |
| Diet & Feeding | Omnivore |
| Reproduction | Egg Depositor |
| Average Lifespan | Up to 12 Years |
Water Parameters
| Water Type | Freshwater |
|---|---|
| pH | 6.5 - 7.5 |
| GH | 6 - 25 |
| ℉ | 75 - 79 |
|---|---|
| ℃ | 23 - 26 |
Natural Habitat
Red Devil Cichlids are indigenous to Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua, situated in the Central American region. These Cichlids predominantly inhabit open-water environments and are less frequently encountered in river habitats. Their preferred locations include areas with submerged rocks and logs, where they often traverse crevices that offer a swift escape route if required. The presence of such escape routes is vital, given the perilous nature of their habitat, which uniquely houses a substantial population of Bull Sharks in this freshwater lake.
Breeding
The successful breeding of Red Devil Cichlids in a home aquarium can be a challenging endeavour, often requiring careful planning. The mere placement of a male and female together is typically ineffective and may lead to undesirable outcomes. A more successful approach involves acquiring a group of juvenile Red Devil Cichlids and allowing a compatible pair to form naturally from within the group as they mature. However, one should be prepared for the need to rehome the remaining fish. It's worth noting that during the breeding process, aggressive behaviours can escalate, potentially leading to harm. Therefore, it is advisable to have a tank divider readily available in case it becomes necessary to separate the fish.
When the Red Devil Cichlids are ready to spawn, both the male and female will exhibit physical changes, such as an increase in the size of their nuchal hump and intensified colours. The courtship ritual can be vigorous, involving mouthing and tail slapping. Once the courtship leads to spawning, the eggs, usually numbering up to 700, are deposited on vertical pieces of slate, flat driftwood, or within rocky caves. These eggs typically hatch within 72 hours, and the parents subsequently transfer the wriggling fry to a pre-dug pit. After a few additional days, when their yolk sacs are depleted, the fry becomes free-swimming and can be fed with baby brine shrimp or crushed flake food.
At this point, it is advisable to separate the male from the female using the tank divider, as the male's protective instincts can make him hyper-aggressive in defence of the fry. During tank maintenance, exercise caution, as the male may even attack your hands. Parental care usually continues for about six weeks. Keep in mind that a bonded pair may reproduce frequently and in significant numbers. Therefore, it is crucial to consider whether allowing this species to reproduce in a home aquarium is practical, and if so, have a well-thought-out plan for the potentially numerous juvenile fish, which will rapidly grow to substantial sizes and could overwhelm the aquarium.
Diet & Feeding
Red Devil Cichlids are opportunistic carnivores with a versatile diet. In their natural habitat, they primarily feed on a variety of smaller fish, aquatic invertebrates, crustaceans, and even small insects. In captivity, their diet can be supplemented with high-quality Cichlid pellets, live or frozen food such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, and krill, as well as occasional treats like earthworms and small feeder fish. It's essential to provide a well-balanced diet to maintain their health and vibrant colouration. Feeding should be regular but not excessive, as overfeeding can lead to health issues and obesity in these robust fish.
