Brushed Motor|Basic
Driving Brushed DC Motors Using PWM Output: H Bridge Constant-Current Driving
2022.08.03
Points of this article
・As one method of H-bridge PWM constant-current driving, the motor current is detected using a current detection resistor, and a comparator compares the result with a reference voltage to execute PWM control.
・Because there are large changes in the current flowing in the current detection resistor, noise voltages occur, and there is the possibility of malfunctions.
・One method of suppressing malfunctions is to set a blank time.
There are a number of methods for PWM driving of brushed DC motors. In this article, H-bridge constant-current driving is explained.
Driving Brushed DC Motors Using PWM Output:
H Bridge Constant-Current Driving
This is an example of a circuit for PWM constant-current driving. It is a general driver circuit, but an internal comparator is used for on/off control of the motor current, that is, for PWM control.
The resistor Rs connected to the GND side (RNF pin) of the power transistor (MOSFET) is used for current detection. The internal comparator compares the voltage occurring across this resistor Rs with the voltage at a reference voltage setting pin (Vref). If the RNF pin voltage exceeds the Vref voltage, the comparator output is L, and the power transistor supplying current on the power supply side is turned off. Whether current is supplied or the supply is stopped differs depending on the transistor on/off states corresponding to the operating mode–forward rotation, reverse rotation, and so on. In any case, Vref, Rs, and the comparator switch between supply and shutoff of motor current.
As a point to be noted, a current does not flow in Rs while a regeneration current is flowing, and so when current supply is restarted there is a large change in the current in Rs. Consequently, considerable voltage noise may occur due to parasitic inductances, and a current may flow that charges the parasitic capacitance in power transistors, so that the Vref voltage may be exceeded.
In order to keep power transistors from being turned off due to this voltage noise, a short blank time (tblnk) must be provided. The blank time must be provided to prevent malfunctions not only when current is turned on and off, but also when there is voltage noise during motor rotation state switching. The blank time is either optimized or can be adjusted, depending on the driver IC.
【Download Documents】Basics of Brushed DC Motors and Drive Methods
Brushed DC motors are the most versatile motors and are used in a great many applications. This handbook provides the basics of brushed DC motors, explaining their construction, principle of operation, characteristics, and driving methods.
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Basic
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Brushed DC Motor
- Construction of Brushed Motors
- Principle of Rotation
- Power Generation Principle
- Short Braking
- Characteristics of Brushed DC Motors
- Driving Brushed DC Motors with an H-Bridge:Principles
- Driving Brushed DC Motors with an H-Bridge:Switching Output States
- Driving Brushed DC Motors with an H-Bridge:High-Side Voltage Linear Control
- Driving of Brushed DC Motors Using BTL Amplifier Circuits: Linear Voltage Driving
- Driving of Brushed DC Motors Using BTL Amplifier Circuits: Linear Current Driving
- Driving Brushed DC Motors Using PWM Output: Principles of PWM Driving
- Driving Brushed DC Motors Using PWM Output: Current Regeneration Methods in PWM Driving
- Driving Brushed DC Motors Using PWM Output: Losses and Points to be Noted
- Driving Brushed DC Motors Using PWM Output: PWM Driving with an H-Bridge Circuit
- Driving Brushed DC Motors Using PWM Output: H Bridge Constant-Current Driving
- Driving Brushed DC Motors Using PWM Output: Driving in the Form of BTL Amplifier Input
- Single-Switch Circuit Driving and Half-Bridge Circuit Driving
- Driving Circuits for Brushed DC Motors – Summary
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Brushed DC Motor