Jean-Michel Basquiat
Self-Portrait
Self-Portrait
1986
The three works in the MACBA Collection were made between the years 1982 and 1986, and are populated with totemic and archaic Voodoo images, homages to heroes of Afro-American culture, including jazz musicians, and other references to American popular culture. The vibrant lines, intense brushstrokes, silhouetted black figures and facial expressions pushed to the limit suggest connections with German neo-Expressionism and with referential painters such as Willem de Kooning. The self-portrait is recurrent in Basquiat’s work, such as this painting of 1986 that projects a fragmented and multiple reality. The figure in the centre of the canvas, with a head that is oversized compared to the rest of the body, evokes children’s drawings.

The drips of paint, the spontaneity of the brushstrokes and their multiple directionality refer, in a very direct way, to the process of the artist moving through the illusory space of the canvas. This painting recalls the artist’s first works, when he began in New York in the seventies signing with Al Diaz as SAMO © (Same Old Shit), while at the same time alluding to his Haitian and Puerto Rican inheritance. It also references Basquiat’s knowledge of avant-garde artists such as Pablo Picasso. From a pictorial point of view, it is richer and denser than most of the artist’s works, with a sharp contrast between the soft and pastel tones of the background and the aggressiveness of the figure, with its forceful darkness, electrified hair, bared teeth and open arms. In his work, Basquiat often referred to the music and musicians he admired, as in King Zulu (1986), a painting featuring three great American jazz trumpeters: Bix Beiderbecke (1903–1931), Bunk Johnson (1879–1949) and Howard McGhee (1918–1987). The canvas also shows a central face inspired by Louis Armstrong (1901–1971), characterised as the King of the Zulus at the New Orleans Carnival Parade in 1949. Armstrong, also a trumpet player, explained his participation in this parade: ‘The Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club was situated in the neighbourhood that I was reared… And no place that I’ve ever been could remove the thought… that, someday, I will be the King of the Zulus… I won it in 1949... Wow.’ Basquiat places his King Zulu at the centre of the canvas, while the musicians are submerged in a blue space that evokes the lyrical sound of the blues. Finally, Sterno (1985) presents an aggressive and apocalyptic vision of alcohol abuse. The presence of a gin bottle at the centre of the canvas is associated with a can of Sterno (a.k.a. canned heat), an alcohol-based fuel created in 1920, used for heating food products but also notorious for its abuse as an alcohol substitute. Basquiat strengthens the apocalyptic message with ‘Drink Sterno’ written on the can and an image in the foreground of a monster with a double mouth, wolf’s teeth and horns. The dark and reddish tones contribute intensity to this nihilistic evocation of the perils of alcohol abuse.
The texts of the MACBA Collection draw on previous documentation. Please let us know if you find any errors.
original title
Self-Portrait
year of acquisition
1997
type of object
Painting
dimensions
180 x 260.5 cm
accessibility resources
Làmina, Audioguia
registration number
R.0413
date
1986
fonds
Col·lecció MACBA. Dipòsit de la Generalitat de Catalunya
media
Acrylic on canvas
credits
MACBA Collection. Government of Catalonia long-term loan. National Collection of Art. Formerly Salvador Riera Collection
Copyright
© The Estate of Jean-Michel Basquiat, VEGAP, Barcelona
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