Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
Related Manuals for Moravian Instruments G2 Series Mark II
Summary of Contents for Moravian Instruments G2 Series Mark II
- Page 1 G2 Series Mark II Cooled CCD Cameras User’s Guide...
- Page 2 Version 1.1 Modified on July 27 , 2018 All information furnished by Moravian Instruments is believed to be accurate. Moravian Instruments reserves the right to change any information contained herein without notice. G2 cameras are not authorized for and should not be used within Life Support Systems without the specific written consent of the Moravian Instruments.
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Introduction ....................5 G2 Camera Overview ..................8 CCD Detectors and Camera Electronics ............12 CCD sensor ....................15 Model G2-0400 ................... 16 Model G2-1600 ................... 16 Model G2-3200 ................... 16 Model G2-8300 ................... 16 Model G2-2000 ................... 17 Model G2-4000 ................... - Page 4 Off-Axis Guider Adapter (OAG) ............... 30 Attaching camera head to telescope mount ........... 31 Camera head color variants ..............32 Gx Camera Ethernet Adapter ..............33 Adjusting of the telescope adapter ............. 34 Camera Maintenance .................. 37 Desiccant exchange ................. 37 Exchanging the silica-gel..............
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Page 5: Introduction
Introduction Thank you for choosing the Moravian Instruments camera. The cooled G2 series Mark II CCD cameras were developed for imaging under extremely low-light conditions in astronomy, microscopy and similar areas. Design of this series inherits from earlier G2 Mark I cameras but brings some significant enhancements. - Page 6 3. Support for x64 based Apple Macintosh computers is also included. Only certain software packages are currently supported on Mac. G2 cameras require at last one free USB 2.0 port to communicate with a host PC. A simple and cheap device called “USB hub” can expand number of available USB port.
- Page 7 camera with the telescope, make sure the whole telescope/mount setup is capable to track the target object smoothly during long exposures.
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Page 8: G2 Camera Overview
G2 Camera Overview G2 camera head is designed to be easily used with a set of accessories to fulfil various observing needs. Camera head itself is manufactured in two different variants: Camera with Internal filter wheel. Camera with control port for External filter wheel. This model allows attachment of several variants of external filter wheels with various number of filter positions and sizes. - Page 9 Extra small “XS” size wheel for 7 unmounted filters D36 mm. Small “S” size wheel for 12 unmounted filters D31 mm or filters in 1.25” threaded cells. Small “S” size wheel for 10 unmounted filters D36 mm. Because G2 series of cameras can work with various sensors, not all filter wheel/filter variants can be used with every detector.
- Page 10 Figure 2: Schematic diagram of G2 camera system components...
- Page 11 Components of G2 Camera system include: 1. G2 camera head with Internal Filter Wheel (5 or 6 positions) 2. G2 camera head capable to control External Filter Wheel 3. External Filter Wheel “XS” size (7 or 8 positions) 4. External Filter Wheel “S” size (10 or 12 positions) 5.
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Page 12: Ccd Detectors And Camera Electronics
CCD Detectors and Camera Electronics G2 Mark II series of CCD cameras are manufactured with two kinds of CCD detectors: G2 cameras with OnSemi KAF Full Frame (FF) CCD architecture. Almost all Full Frame CCD detector area is exposed to light. This is why these detectors provide very high quantum efficiency. - Page 13 G2 cameras with OnSemi KAI Interline Transfer (IT) architecture. There is a shielded column of pixels just beside each column of active pixels on these detectors. The shielded columns are called Vertical registers. One pulse moves charge from exposed pixels to shielded pixels on the end of each exposure.
- Page 14 G2 camera Mark II models with Full Frame CCD detectors: Model G2-0400 G2-1600 G2-3200 G2-8300 CCD sensor KAF-0402ME KAF-1603ME KAF-3200ME KAF-8300 Resolution 768 × 512 1536 × 1024 2184 × 1472 3358 × 2536 Pixel size 9 × 9 μm 9 ×...
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Page 15: Ccd Sensor
which of course limits resolution of color image. Imaging using color detectors is described in the “Color images” chapter. CCD sensor Quantum efficiency (sensitivity) of CCD detectors used in G2 cameras depends on the particular camera model. Figure 5: Quantum efficiency of OnSemi CCD detectors used in G2 cameras Inherent dark current of these detectors is quite low compared to other CCD detectors, suitable for scientific applications, which results into very good signal/noise ratio. -
Page 16: Model G2-0400
Model G2-0400 G2-0400 model uses 0.4 MPx CCD OnSemi KAF-0402ME. Resolution 768 × 512 pixels Pixel size 9 × 9 μm Imaging area 6.9 × 4.6 mm Full well capacity Approx. 100 000 e Output node capacity Approx. 220 000 e Dark current 1 e-/s/pixel at 0°C Dark signal doubling... -
Page 17: Model G2-2000
Output node capacity Approx. 55 000 e Dark current 0.15 e-/s/pixel at 0°C Dark signal doubling 5.8 °C KAF-8300 CCD detector with color (Bayer) mask can be used in the G2- 8300C camera. Model G2-2000 G2-2000 model uses 2 MPx CCD MPx OnSemi KAI-2020. Resolution 1604 ×... -
Page 18: Model G2-0400
Maximum length of single USB cable is approx. 5 m. This length can be extended to 10 m or 15 m by using single USB hub or active USB extender cable. Up to 5 hubs or active extenders can be used in one connection. Gx Camera Ethernet Adapter device allows connection of up to four Gx cameras of any type through Ethernet interface and TCP/IP network. -
Page 19: Model G2-1600
Model G2-1600 Gain 1.5 e /ADU (1×1 binning) 2.0 e /ADU (other binnings) System read noise 13 e RMS (Low noise) 15 e RMS (Preview) Download time 0.95 s (Low noise) 0.67 s (Preview) Model G2-3200 Gain 0.8 e /ADU (1×1 binning) 1.3 e /ADU (other binnings) System read noise... - Page 20 Download time 2.30 s (Low noise) 1.56 s (Preview) Stated read noise is measured on particular CCD sensor, evaluated during camera design. Actual read noise of different sensors varies within sensor manufacturing batch and also among various manufacturing batches. The camera read noise is determined by the sensor itself and the camera manufacturer cannot affect it.
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Page 21: Cooling And Power Supply
Cooling and power supply Regulated thermoelectric cooling is capable to cool the CCD chip up to 50 °C below ambient temperature. The Peltier hot side is cooled by fan. The CCD chip temperature is regulated with ±0.1 °C precision. High temperature drop and precision regulation ensure very low dark current for long exposures and allow proper image calibration. -
Page 22: Power Supply
CCD chip cooling Thermoelectric (Peltier modules) Maximal cooling ΔT >50 °C below ambient Regulated cooling ΔT 48 °C below ambient (85% cooling) Regulation precision ±0.1 °C Hot side cooling Forced air cooling (fan) Maximum temperature difference between CCD and ambient air may be reached when the cooling runs at 100% power. - Page 23 Power consumption is measured on the AC side of the supplied 12 V AC/DC power supply. Camera consumes less energy from 12 V power supply than state here. The camera contains its own power supplies inside, so it can be powered by unregulated 12 V DC power source –...
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Page 24: Mechanical Specifications
Mechanical Specifications Compact and robust camera head measures only 114×114×65 mm (approx. 4.5×4.5×2.6 inches). The head is CNC-machined from high-quality aluminum and black anodized. The head itself contains USB-B (device) connector and 12 V DC power plug. Integrated mechanical shutter allows streak-free image readout, as well as automatic dark frame exposures, which are necessary for unattended, robotic setups. -
Page 25: Camera With Internal Filter Wheel
Stated back focal distance already calculates with glass permanently placed in the optical path (e.g. optical window covering the CCD cold chamber). When the adjustable adapter base, intended for camera with Internal Filter Wheel, is mounted on camera without filter wheel, the resulting back focal distance is only 21 mm. - Page 26 Figure 10: G2 camera head with Internal Filter Wheel side view dimensions Figure 11: G2 camera head bottom view dimensions...
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Page 27: Camera With "Xs" External Filter Wheel
Camera with “XS” External Filter Wheel Figure 12: G2 camera head with External filter wheel front view dimensions Figure 13: G2 camera head with External filter wheel side view dimensions... -
Page 28: Camera Without Filter Wheel
Figure 14: G2 camera head with External filter wheel bottom view dimensions The “S” sized External Filter Wheel diameter is greater (see External Filter Wheel User's Guide), but the back focal distance of all external filter wheels is identical. Camera without filter wheel If the camera model, intended for usage with External filter wheel, is used without filter wheel at all, two types of adjustable adapter bases can be used. - Page 29 “Thick” adapter base has the same thickness like the External filter wheel. This means all adapters, attached to this thick base, keep the same 33.5 mm back focal distance like the camera with External filter wheel attached or camera with Internal filter wheel and “thin” adapter base. Figure 16: Camera without filter wheel with "thick"...
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Page 30: Optional Accessories
Optional accessories Various accessories are offered with G2 Mark II cameras to enhance functionality and help camera integration into imaging setups. Telescope adapters Various telescope and lens adapters for the G2 Mark II cameras are offered. Users can choose any adapter according to their needs and other adapters can be ordered separately. -
Page 31: Attaching Camera Head To Telescope Mount
be compatible with external filter wheels and to preserve 55 mm distance from the sensor. If the OAG has to be used on camera with internal filter wheel, the OAG is mounted to adapter base like any other adapter. Resulting Back focal distance remains the same. -
Page 32: Camera Head Color Variants
photographic lens, directly to various telescope mounts supporting this standard. Figure 18: 1.75" bar for standard telescope mounts Camera head color variants Camera head is available in several color variants of the center plate. Visit manufacturer's web pages for current offering. Figure 19: G2 Mark II camera color variants... -
Page 33: Gx Camera Ethernet Adapter
Gx Camera Ethernet Adapter Gx Camera Ethernet Adapter allows connection of up to 4 Gx cameras of any type on the one side and 1 Gbps Ethernet on the other side. This adapter allows access to connected Gx cameras using routable TCP/IP protocol over practically unlimited distance. -
Page 34: Adjusting Of The Telescope Adapter
Adjusting of the telescope adapter All telescope/lens adapters of the G2 Mark II series of cameras can be slightly tilted. This feature is introduced to compensate for possible misalignments in perpendicularity of the telescope optical axis and sensor plane. Figure 21: Releasing of the “pushing” screw The Mark II camera telescope adapters are attached using three “pulling”... - Page 35 use only screws supplied with the adapter, using of normal M4 screws damages the adapter. Because the necessity to adjust two screws (one pushing, one pulling) at once is inconvenient, the adapter tilting mechanism is also equipped with ring-shaped spring, which pushes the adapter out of the camera body. This means the pushing screws can be released and still slight releasing of the pulling screw means the distance between the adapter and the camera body increases.
- Page 36 Only after the proper tilt is reached, the pushing screws should be slightly tightened to fix the adapter in the desired angle relative to camera head. This ensures long-time stability of the adjusted adapter. Adjustable telescope/lens adapters are attached slightly differently depending if the adapter is attached directly to the camera head (e.g.
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Page 37: Camera Maintenance
Camera Maintenance The G2 camera is a precision optical and mechanical instrument, so it should be handled with care. Camera should be protected from moisture and dust. Always cover the telescope adapter when the camera is removed from the telescope or put the whole camera into protective plastic bag. Desiccant exchange The G2 camera cooling is designed to be resistant to humidity inside the CCD chamber. -
Page 38: Exchanging The Silica-Gel
recommended to shorten replacement interval if the silica-gel is completely transparent upon replacement. If it is still yellow-orange, it is possible to prolong the replacement interval. Figure 24: Silica-gel container is accessible from the camera back side Exchanging the silica-gel G2 Mark II cameras employ the same desiccant container like the larger G3 and G4 cameras. -
Page 39: Changing Filters
desired temperature without risking of the temperature-induced sealing damage. This design also allows usage of some optional parts: Threaded hermetic cap, which allows sealing of the dried container when it is not immediately attached to the camera head. Alternate (somewhat longer) desiccant container, modified to be able to be screw in and tightened (as well as released and screwed out) without any tool. -
Page 40: Changing The Whole Filter Wheel
CCD). If for instance the camera is unplugged from power adapter while exposing, the shutter remains open. Camera cannot be opened in such case. Warning: Shutter can be damaged while removing the camera cover if not in proper position. After removing the screws carefully turn the camera head by the telescope adapter upward. -
Page 41: Changing The Telescope Adapter
Changing the Telescope Adapter All adapters of the Mark II cameras are attached using three “pulling” screws. As the adapter tilt is adjustable, another three “pushing” screws are intended to fix the adapter in place. If the adapter has to be replaced for another one, it is necessary to unscrew the three pulling screws. -
Page 42: Power Supply Fuse
Power Supply Fuse The power supply inside the camera is protected against connecting of inverted-polarity power plug or against connecting of too-high DC voltage (above 15 V) by a fuse. If such event happens and the cooling fans on the back side of the camera do not work when the camera is connected to proper power supply, return the camera to the service center for repair.