GRAPHIS ScnIPTA

GRAPHIS ScnIPTA 

Volym 12, hafte 1,,2000 

Nordisk Lichenologlsk Forening

Nordisk Lichenologisk Ftirening (NLF) 

Nordic Lichen Society 

Ordftirande President: Roland Moberg, 

Museum of Evoluton, Botany Section 

(Fytoteket), Evolutionary Biology Center, 

Uppsala University, Norbyviigen 16, SE-752 

36 Uppsala (Sweden), e-mail: roland.moberg 

@evolmuseum.uu.se 

Vice ordftirande Yice President: Ulrik 

Sochting, Institut f. Sporeplanter, A. Farimagsgade 

2D, DK-I353 Ksbenhavn, 

Danmark, e-mail : ulriks@bot:ku.dk. 

Sekreterare Secretary: Patrik Frrtddn, Inst. 

ftir systematisk botanik, Lunds universitet, O. 

Vallgatan I 8-20, 3-223 6l Lund, Sverige, email 

: patrik. froden@sysbot. lu. se. 

Graphis Scripta is published by the Nordic 

Lichen Society (NLF) twice a year. Graphis 

Scripta publishes papers of interest to Nordic 

lichenology and information from NLF. 

Membership of NLF is open to all individuals 

interested in lichenology. The membership is 

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Redaktdr Managing Editor: Ingvar Ktirnefelt, 

Inst. for systematisk botanik, Lunds universitet, 

0. Vallgatan 20, 3-223 6l Lund, 

Sverige, e-mail: Ingvar.Karnefelt@botmus. 

lu.se. 

Teknisk redaktion Technical board: 

Gunnar Carlin, Anders Nordin, och G

On the identity of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs. 

PER M. JORGENSEN 

While revising the European thelotremes (Purvis 

et al. 1994), the tlpe of Ocellularia atlantica 

Erichs. was unavailable, and we decided 

not to include it in our study since it was 

known only from the Canary Islands, and was 

recorded with spores quite different from any 

European species of Thelotrema. 

Hafellner (1995: 95), however, suggested 

that it belonged to T. subtile Tuck., a rather 

unlikely conclusion as that species has spores 

which are considerably smaller than recorded 

for O. atlantica. A study of the type now 

appeared necessary. With the kind assistance 

of Harrie Sipman, Berlin the type from the 

Canary Islands (Figure I ) was finally located 

in HBG. 

Material and methods 

The tlpe specimen from HBG was compared 

with specimens in BG, hand-sectioned, and 

sections in water were studied under different 

magnifications in an ordinary light-microscope. 

Results 

Jorgensen, P. M. 2000: On the identity of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs. 

Graphis Scripta I2: l-2. Stockholm. ISSN 0901-7593. 

Study of the tlpe of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs. has shown that it is not 

Thelotema subtile Tuck. as recently claimed, but instead a species of Porina. 

Since it is the oldest name on species level for the long-spored taxa in the P. 

nucula Ach. group, the name is transfened to that genus, hopefully stabilizing 

the continuously changing nomenclature of that group. 

Per M. Jorgensen, Dept. of Botany, University of Bergen, AUdgt. 4I, N-5007 

Bergen, Norway. 

thick, uneven and coarsely granular with globose, 

up to 1 mm in diameter, closed ascomata 

(perithecia) with a pinkish brown ostiolar 

region. This impression was confirmed by 

anatomical studies, though the up to I I - 

septate, fusiform spores tend to be on the 

broad side for P. heterospora, up to 20 mm 

wide, including the 3-4 mm thick perispore. 

Since Erichsen's epithet is far older on 

species level than any which has been applied 

to long-spored specimens of the Porina 

nucula Ach. complex, I regard it necessary to 

make the formal combination to stabilize the 

nomenclature, at least for the taxon distributed 

from Macaronesia to SW Ireland (Kalb & 

Hafellner 1992:82). 

Porina atlantica (Erichs.) P. M. Jorg. 

comb. nov. 

Ocellularia atlantica Erichs., Hedwigia 66: 

276 (1926). - Typus: Canary Islands, Tenerifa, 

Llano de los Vieijos in Monte Minas de 

Abajo, on Laurus canariensis, 17.Ill.l9l9, L. 

Lindiger (HB G-holotypus ! ) 

Superlicially the specimen is very similar in This would be the name to use for all material 

appearance to a lichen I once collected in SW on both sides of the Atlantic according to 

Ireland, then named Porina heterospora McCarthy (2000: 6) for what he calls Porina 

(Fink) Hanis (Purvis & James 1992: 491). guaranitica Malme in couplet 40' However, 

The creamish grey thallus of the type is rather there are divided opinions on the taxonomy in 

America (McCarthy 1993, Harris 1995), so

2 Per M. Jorgensen 

Figure 1. Tlpe specimen of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs. (HBG). Scale: I mm. 

that matter needs further study before the 

nomenclature of American material can be 

conclusively settled. It is, however, clear that 

Thelotrema subtile does not occur on our side 

of the Atlantic. 

References 

Hafellner, J. 1995: A new checklist of the 

lichens and lichenicolous fungi of insular 

Laurimacaronesia, including a lichenological 

bibliography for the area. 

Fritschiana 5: l-132. 

Harris, R. C. 1995: More Florida lichens. 

New York. (privately printed). 

Kalb, K. & Hafellner, J. 1992: Bemerkenswerte 

Flechten und lichenicole Pilze von 

der Insel Madeira. Herzogia 9: 45-102. 

GRAPHTS SCRTPTA l2 (2000) 

McCarthy, P. M. 1993: Saxicolous species of 

Porina MUll. Arg. (Tricotheliaceae) in the 

Southern Hemisphere. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 

52: l-134. 

McCarthy, P. M. 2000: Key to the saxicolous 

taxa of Porinu Lichenologist 32: l-13. 

Purvis, O. W. & James, P.W. 1992: Porina. 

In: Puwis, O. W., Coppins, B. J., Hawksworth, 

D. L., James, P. J. & Moore, D. M. 

(eds): The lichen flora of Great Britain 

and lreland. Natural History Publications/The 

British Lichen Society, London. 

Purvis, O. W., Jorgensen, P. M. & James, P. 

W. 1994: The lichen genus Thelotrema 

Ach. in Europe. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 

52:335-360.

The lichens on gneiss and diabase on Tiirn6, SE Sweden 

LARS T'NOBPRC 

Froberg, L. 2000: The lichens on gneiss and diabase on Ttirn6, SE Sweden. 

Graphis Scripta I2: 3-8. Stockholm. ISSN 090l-7593. 

The sa:ricolous lichen flora on the island of Tiirno in the province of 

Blekinge, SE Sweden was investigated. Of the 64 taxa found, 46 occurred on 

gneiss and 47 on diabase. Five species which were absent on gneiss, were 

rather abundant on diabase in their corrresponding habitats, viz. Acarospora 

fuscata, Caloplaca thallincola, Lecanora achariana, L. campestris and 

Phaeophyscia sciastra. Three species which were absent on diabase, were 

rather abundant on gneiss in their conesponding habitats, viz. Arctoparmelia 

incurva, Caloplaca scopularus and Miriquidica deusfa. Possible reasons for 

the differences of the lichen vegetation on the two substrates are discussed. 

Lecanora rimicola isreported as new to Blekinge. 

Lars Frdberg, Dept. of Systematic botany, (Jniversity of Lund, Ostra Vallgatan 

14-20, SE-223 6l Lund, Sweden. 

Email : I ars.frob erg@rysbot. lu. s e 

The so

4 Lars Frdberg GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000) 

Figure 2. The bedrock at locality l. The gneiss on the right side is recognized by a less 

weathered surface than the diabase on the left side, with the border from top left to bottom right. 

Photo: Lars-G0ran Olsdn. 

Sunexposed pavements within and above the 

supralittoral zone, as well as sunexposed and 

shaded vertical surfaces were included in the 

study. The size of the areas studied varied 

between l0 n* and 100 nl, and they were 

each investigated for 0.5-l h. For those lichen 

species that were identified in the field, the 

cover was estimated in a three-gfaded scale. 

Scientific names follow Santesson ( I 993). 

Collected material will be deposited at the 

Botanical Museum in Lund (LD). 

Localities (Figure 1) 

Ll: At the NE light house, sunexposed pavements 

with gneiss and diabase, 0-2 m 

above sea level. 

L2: At the NW point of the island, sunexposed 

pavements with gneiss, 0-3 m above sea 

level. 

L3: Just NW of the south light house, shaded, 

vertical surface with diabase, 35 m above 

sea level. 

W: At the south light house, sunexposed 

pavements and vertical surfaces with diabase, 

40 m above sea level. 

L5:250 m E of the south light house, sunexposed 

pavement and rather shaded, vertical 

surface close to the shore with gneiss, 

l0-15 m above the sea level. 

Results and discussion 

In total , 64 taxa were recorded, of which 46 

on gneiss and 47 on diabase (Table I ). On 

gneiss, 15 taxa were found in the supralittoral 

zone,34 on sunexposed rock above the supralittoral 

zone and 12 on shaded rock faces. On 

diabase, 13 taxa were found in the supralittoral 

zone, 29 on sunexposed rock above the

GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000) 

supralittoral zone and 16 on shaded rock 

faces. At Ll, the gneiss hosted 25 ta:ra (10 

supralittoral and 17 tenestrial), while the diabase 

hosted 30 taxa (13 supralittoral and 23 

terrestrial). One species is new for Blekinge, 

viz. Lecanora rimicola. 

Less than 50% of the taxa occurred on 

both gneiss and diabase. However, these differences 

may partly be due to differences in 

the abundance of the substrates in different 

habitats. Pavements with gneiss were more 

conrmon than pavements with diabase, both 

within and above the supralittoral zone, and 

prevailed therefore in the study. On the other 

hand, the best developed lichen flora in 

shaded situations was found on diabase. However, 

some of the differences found may be 

related to the properties of the substrates. 

At Ll, the slope and exposition of the 

gneiss and diabase pavements seem to be 

similar (Figure 2), making this locality suitable 

for a comparison of the lichen vegetation. 

The diabase pavement host slightly more 

species than the gneiss pavement, both in the 

supralittoral and terrestrial zones (Table I ). 

However, more studies are required for any 

conclusions on the species richness of the two 

substrates. 

Lecanora achariana, L. campestris and 

Phaeophyscia sciastra were abundant to 

rather abundant at Ll on diabase, while 

Acarospora fuscata and Lecanora achariana 

were abundant at IA on diabffie, but they all 

lacked on gneiss (Table I ). These species 

probably prefer a high pH value (Hallingbiick 

1995, Nimis 1999). L. achariana dominated 

on the upper parts of the diabase pavement at 

Ll as well as parts of the horizontal pavement 

at I-4. Although it prefers acid substrates in 

the Mediterranean according to Nimis (1999), 

the species has been found on rock surfaces 

with trickled water on Hallands V6derci (Arup 

& Ekman l99l) and on Skaftri (Degelius 

1939), two islands on the Swedish west coast. 

The increased supply of nutrients due to the 

running water might create similar conditions 

as those on the diabase pavement. In the study 

of the lichen flora of Hallands Vtiderci, SW 

Lichens on Tcirnd 5 

Sweden (Arup & Ekman 1991), an amphibolite 

ridge was investigated. Five of the lichen 

species on the ridge also occur on Ttirnri on 

diabase, viz. Caloplaca atroflava, Candelariella 

aurella, Diploschistes scruposus, Lecanora 

campestris and Lecidella scabra. All of 

these species except C. atroflava are absent on 

gneiss on Ttirn0. Both amphibolite and diabase 

consist of hard rock with a high pH 

value, which may be suitable for these lichen 

species. 

Miriquidica deusta was rather abundant 

on gneiss at Ll and L2, and Arctoparmelia 

incurva was rather abundant on gneiss at L5, 

while they were absent on diabase (Table l). 

Both species probably prefer acid substrates 

according to Nimis (1999) and Wirth (1995). 

In the supralittoral zone, Caloplaca 

scopularis was abundant to rather abundant 

on gneiss at Ll and LL while C. thallincola 

was rather abundant at Ll on diabase instead 

(Table 1). In an investigation of the lichen 

flora of the Karlsci islands, SW of Gotland in 

the Baltic Sea (Johansson et al. 2000), C. 

thallincola was cornmon in the supralittoral 

zone on mainly calcareous rock, while C. 

scopulans was found only on siliceous rock at 

a few localities. The latter species presumably 

prefers acidic substrates, and was probably 

rare on the Karlsri islands because of the scarcity 

of siliceous rock here. 

Considerations of nature preservation 

Although no red-listed or other rare species 

have been found in this investigation, the 

lichen vegetation on the exposed bedrock on 

TArnO may warrant some kind of protection. 

Diabase which is sunexposed and have a rich 

lichen flora is rare in the region. Ll on the NE 

coast of the island, which has the unique combination 

of gneiss and diabase pavements 

beside each other, is situated outside the present 

area of the nature reserve and should be 

protected. The knowledge of the differences 

between the lichen vegetation on these substrates 

is presently very little.


Teble 1. Sa:

GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000) Lichens on Trirnd 7 

Taxa Ll L2 L3 LA L5 

GII GV DH DV GH GF GV DL DII DL GII GL 

Lecidella scabral x 

Lepraria lobiJicans/L. vouauxii ! 3 

Leproloma membranacea 3 2 

Lichina conJinis t. 2 

Melaneliafuliginosalllll 

Micarea peliocarpa I x 

Miriquidicadeusta! 2 2 

Neofuscelialoxodes 2 3 

N.pulla 3 2 3 2 2 2 

Ochrolechia androgna ! x 

Parmelia omphalodes I 3 

P.saxatilis 2 2 I I 3 I 2 3 

P. sulcata 2 

Pertusariaaspergilla! x I 

Phaeophyscia sciastra 2 2 

Physciacaesia 3 I 3 3 2 

P. tenellavar. marina I I 2 

Platismatia glauca I I 

Porpidia macrocatpa ! 3 

Protoparmelia badia I 

Psilolechia lucida 3 

Ramalina polynorpha 2 

Rhizocarpongeographiam2 | 2 3 2 

R.lecanorinum 3 3 2 2 3 

R. obscaratum ! x 

R.richardii! x x 

Rinodinagennariil x x x 3 

Schaereriafuscocinereal 2 2 

Scoliciosporum umbrinum ! x 

Tephromelaatra 2 2 2 3 | 2 

Trapeliopsistlexuosa/granulosa ! x 

T. pseudogranulosal x 

Umbilicariapolryhylla I I | 2 2 

Verttcariamaura 3 3 3


Taxa LI 

GH GV 

Xanthoparmelia conspersa 3 

Xanthoria candelaria 

X. parietina 

Total no. of taxa 

References 

DH DV 

Arup, U. & Ekman, S. l99l: Lavfloran pn 

Hallands Viiderri. Svensk Bot. Tidslv. 85: 

263-308. 

Degelius, G. 1939: Die Flechten von Norra 

Skaftdn. Uppsala (Jniversitets Arsslrift 

re3e (t r). 

Hallingb6ck, T. 1995 : Ekologisk kntalog dver 

I avar. ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. 

L2 

GH GF 

2 

3 

2 

L3 

GV DL 

L4 

DH DL 

L5 

GH GL 

17 l0 23 l3 t9 t2 l0 16 18 l0 13 12 

Johansson, P., Arup, U. & Frriberg, L. 2000: 

Lavfloran pn Stora och Lilla Karlsri. 

Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 94:205-254. 

Nimis, P. 1999: Lichen database of ltaly 1.0. 

Univ. of Trieste, Dept. of Biology, 

IN I .0/99 (http://biobase.kfunigraz.ac.at/ 

fl echte/owa/askitalfl o). 

Santesson, R. 1993: The lichens and lichenicolous 

fungi of Sweden and Norway. 

SBT-fbrlaget, Lund. 

Wirth, V. 1995: Die Flechten Baden-IVilrttembergs, 

ed. 2. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.

Influence of air-drying and storage at -15 oC on cellular 

distributions of cations in Cladonia portentosa 

MARKO HYVANTNPN ANd PETER D. CRITTENDEN 

Hyviirinen, M. & Crittenden, P. D. 2000: Influence of air-drying and storage 

at - l5 oC on cellular distributions of cations in Cladonia portentosa. Graphis 

Scripta I2: 9-l l. Stockholm. ISSN 0901-7593. 

The impact of air-drylng and storage frozen on cellular distribution of potassium, 

magnesium and calcium in the apices (top 5 mm) of the cushionforming 

lichen Cladonia portentosa was investigated. Only small changes in 

cellular distributions of cations were detected in lichen specimens stored at - 

15 oC for six months compared to freshly collected ones. These results 

indicate that large-scale pollution studies, based on changes in cellular distribution, 

that tequire storing lichen rnaterial are methodologically feasible 

provided that the sample size is kept high enough to counteract potential 

moderate increases in variation. 

Marko Hlrucirinen, Department of Biolog,t, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 

3000, FIN-900 I 4, Oulu, Finland. e-mail: Marko.Hyvarinen@oulu.fi. 

Peter D. Crittenden, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nottingham, 

University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK. 

The sequential elution technique developed by 

Brown and co-workers (e.g. Brown & Wells 

1988) has become a widely used laboratory 

practice in studies on cellular cation distribution 

and kinetics of cation uptake in cryptogams 

(reviewed by Nieboer et al. 1978; 

Brown & Beckett 1984; Brown 1991). Even 

though this method has a great potential in 

detecting air pollution induced changes in 

cation distribution in lichens (see Hyviirinen 

& Crittenden 1996) its applicability in large 

scale studies is hindered by the prevailing 

understanding that the lichen material should 

be either fresh or stored moist for only up to 

two weeks to avoid marked redistribution of 

cations (e.g. Brown & Avalos 1993). 

Materials and methods 

In order to determine whether the sequential 

elution technique can be applied to air-dried 

and short-term frozen stored material two 

separate batches of Cladonia portentosa were 

collected from a heathland at Stiperstones, 

Shrophsire, UK. Both collections, the first one 

in early April and the second one in early 

October were carried out during periods of 

frequent rainfall when lichen cushions were 

naturally moistened by rainwater. The first 

batch was air-dried in room temperature, 

sealed in polythene bags and stored at - 15 "C. 

After 6 months this material was defrosted (in 

polythene bags) at room temperature, rehydrated 

overnight at 4 "C and 100 % relative 

humidity (over water in a desiccator), sprayed 

twice with deionized water to ensure full saturation 

and then subjected, together with the 

newly collected batch of lichens, to the 

sequential elution procedure of Brown & 

Wells (1988) with some modifications. Thallus 

apices (top 5 mm, c. 200 mg fresh weight 

per each specimen) were submerged for l0 

min in 40 ml water (Wl) in order to remove

l0 Marko Hycirinen and Peter D. Crittenden 

potential surface contaminants, this step wuls 

repeated (W2), and then the exchangeable 

cations eluted by two 30 min treatments in l0 

ml 20 mM NiCl2 Ni l, Ni2) prior to a final l0 

min wash by submerging in a further l0 ml 

water (W3). The submerged thalli were 

shaken gently during each step in the procedure. 

The average net change in volume of 

solution in a vial due to carry over with the 

lichen sample from one vial to another was 

estimated by weighing a subsample of 5 vials 

at each step before and after elution. Subsequent 

concentration calculations were based 

on these corrected volumes. After the final 

elution thalli were then digested in concentrated 

HNO3 and the digest evaporated to dryness 

at 175 "C, The residue was dissolved in 

l0 ml I M HNO3 and appropriate quantities of 

CsCl2 and LaCl2 added prior to the determination 

of K*, Mg'* and Ca2* in the water 

washes, Ni solutions and acid digests by 

means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry 

(AAS) using acetylene as fuel. Air was 

used as support gas in K* and Mg2* analyses 

and nitrous oxide in Ct* analysis. Flame 

emission mode was used for Mg2* and atomic 

absorption mode for the other two elements. 

Extracellular cation concentrations were 

derived from analysis of Ni I and Ni2 and 

intracellular concentrations from analysis of 

the acid digests. 

Results and discussion 

The results showed that somewhat surprisingly 

the cellular distribution of cations was 

fairly similar between the fresh and stored 

material (Figure I ). No significant differences 

between concentrations of intracellular or 

extracellular cations in fresh and stored thalli 

were observed although the variations in content 

of extracellular K* and in the ratio extracellular: 

intracellular K* were significantly 


greater in stored thalli (F,**-test, p

GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000) Cations in Cladonia portentosa I I 

?60 

do 

o l- 

it 40 

Intracellular I 

Extracellular f-] 

F resh Stored Fresh Stored Fresh Stored 

K- Mgt* c** 

A 

204 

-ao 

tr E{J. 

v 

-- + 

l) llo 

C) 

€ ?. 

H 

ct 

+ 

r^ "to 

LV 

Figure 1. Mean concentrations of inta- and extracellular K*, tvtg2* and Ca2* in the apices of 6 

months stored and freshly collectd Cladonia portentosa (1 I S.D., n = 9 in both batches). 

Hyv[rinen, M. & Crittenden, P. D. 1996: Nieboer, E., Richardson, D. H. S. & Tomas- 

Cation ratios in Cladonia portenbsa as sini, F. D. 1978: Mineral uptake and 

indicesofprecipitationacidityintheBrit- release by lichens: an overview. Bryoloish 

Isles. New Phytologist Ii2: 521-532. gist 8l:226-246.

Punctelia ulophylla new to Norway 

YNGVAR GAUSLAA 

Gauslaa, Y. 2000: Punctelia ulophylla new to Norway. Graphis Scripta 12: 

12-14. Stockholm. ISSN 090t-7593. 

Punctelia ulophylla is reported from Norway for the first time, based on one 

new locality, and three herbarium specimens from 1970 named P. 

subrudecta. Three localities are now known in southwestern Norway. 

Yngvar Gauslaa, Department of Biologt and Nature Conservation, The 

Agricultural University of Norway, P. O. Box 5014, N-l432 As, Norway. 

The European sorediate Punctelia species 

with lecanoric acid were recently revised (van 

Herk & Aptroot 2000). Two closely related 

species were recognized in western and central 

Europe: Punctelia subrudecta (NVl.) Krog 

and P. ulophylla (Ach.) van Herk & Aptroot. 

They were found to occur sympatrically, often 

together on one tree, differing in e.g. the 

colour and pruinosity of the thallus margin 

and location of soralia (van Herk & Aptroot 

2000). While reading the description of P. 

ulophylla, I recalled a Norwegian Punctelia 

subrudecta specimen from a new locality in 

Farsund, Vest-Agder in 1996. I was pu-zled 

by its greenish colour and strikingly marginal 

soralia in the field, but according to current 

literature at that time, the specimen could be 

nothing else but P. subrudecta. Having also a 

pruinose margin, the examined material fits 

well to the new description of P. ulophylla, as 

was confirmed by Aptroot and van Herk. 

Since P. ulophylla was recently recognised 

as a separate species, the Norwegian P. 

subrudecta collections in O (14 specimens), 

BG (8 specimens) and NLH (2 specimens) 

were checked. Three P. ulophylla specimens 

from two different localities were found 

among the studied specimens. The two specimens 

from fuOat in Rogaland were collected 

on Alnus glutinosa, during a lichenological 

excursion in 1970 (Krog l97l) by Osthagen 

and Hsiland; the third specimen (Nedstrand in 

Rogaland) was collected on Acer pseudoplatanus 

by R. Elven during the same excursion. 

Typical P. subntdecta specimens were simultaneously 

collected from both mentioned 

localities by H. Krog (fudal) and H. Osthagen 

(Nedstrand), and P. subntdecta was subsequently 

published as new to Norway (Krog 

l97l) with a description that fitted P. 

subrudecta only. 

As pointed out by van Herk & Aptroot 

(2000), the two species are closely related, 

and are separated by morphological characters 

only. In Norway, they occur sympatrically in 

two of the three known localities, as has been 

observed in other parts of Europe (van Herk & 

Aptroot 2000). Only two specimens have 

distinctly pruinose margins; the two others 

have pale margins. The morphological variation 

of the Norwegian sympatric populations 

should be studied in the field. 

Ecology 

The new P. ulophylla specimen from Kvile in 

Farsund was found on a Quercu.s stem dominated 

by parmelioid lichens, especially Parmelia 

sulcata and P. sacatilis, but Hypotrachyna 

revoluta, Parmotrema chinense and 

Cetrelia olivetorum were also present. Flavoparmelia 

caperata was observed in small 

quantities in the surroundings. The Quercus-

GRAPHTS SCRIPTA 12 (2000) 

dominated stand was grazed, and consisted of 

relatively young, apparently more or less 

even-aged trees. Lichen vegetation could be 

classified as acidophytic (Gauslaa 1985), with 

a lack of Lobarion and Xanthorion assemblages 

as defined by Barkman (1958). Also its 

occurrence on Alnus glutinosa in fudal suggests 

that P. ulophylla is somewhat less nutrient- 

or pH-demanding than P. subrudecta. 

Since it obviously can grow in young and 

relatively oligotrophic forests, it can be overlooked. 

Punctelia ulophylla appears to be more 

rare than P. subrudecta. For some reasons rare 

southern parmelioid lichens in Scandinavia, 

e.g. Parmotrema chinense, Hypotrachyna 

revoluta, Flavoparmelia caperata, Cetrelia 

olivetorum, Menegazzia terebrata, Punctelia 

subrudectA, P. ulophylla, tend to occur in 

clusters with more than one species present at 

the same locality. Since clusters of southern 

parmelioid species occur scattered and are 

often found in acidophytic young forests 

(Gauslaa 1985), these species are probably in 

some ways limited by some local climatic 

conditions rather than by poor dispersal. With 

this study, and the recent first Norwegian 

report of Parmelia submontana (Gauslaa 

1999), the known number of parmelioid 

lichens is increasing along the southwestern 

coast of Norway. The P. ulophylla distribution 

is another example of an enigmatic patchiness 

of parmelioid species at their northern distribution 

boundary. 

Examined Punctelia ulophylla specimens: 

Norway. Vest-Agder: Farsund, Kvf,le, 

UTM(ED5O) LK 703507, 50 m a. s. 1., on 

Quercus stem in a Querczs forest, 1996, Y. 

Gauslaa 94228 (NLH), conf. A. Aptroot & K. 

van Herk. Rogaland: Hjelmeland, Ardal, Ved 

en bekk fra fudalsvatnet, Pe en stamme av 

svartor i svartorskog, 1970, K. Hsiland (O- 

L33139), det. Y. Gauslaa. Hjelmeland, Ardal, 

UTM(ED5O): LL 38 61, ph, Alnus glutinosa, 

1970, H. Osthagen (O-Ll 1832), det. Y. 

Gauslaa. Tysvrr, Nedstrand, Tveit landbruksskole, 

UTM(EDSO): LL 17 83, alt. l0 m, p& 

Punctelia ulophylla neu, to Nor-way 13 

platanlonn pn tunet, 1970, R. Elven (O- 

Ll 1835), det. Y. Gauslaa. 

Examined Punctelia subntdecta specimens: 

Norway. Vest-Agder: Farsund, Lista, Elkem 

NO, pi bok (stort gammelt tre i dker), 1971, 

H. Krog (O-Ll 1837). Farsund, Ellestranda, 

UTM(ED50): LK 632-634 507-512, i krone- 

partiet pi en Quercus petraea, 1977, O. Jslle 

(O-Ll 1838). Farsund, the farm Huseby, 

58o5N, 6o46'F', alt. 25 m, On the trunk of old 

Acer pseudoplatanus in garden, 1993, R. 

Haugan & O. Pedersen H2931 (O-Ll 1839). 

Rogaland: Egersund, Between Hornesvatnet 

and Aygreivannet, On Quercus near the water 

fall, UTM(ED50): LK 284 863, 1993, Y. 

Gauslaa. (NLH). Haugesund, Fagerheim, 

59'27\1, 5ol6'E, alt. 20 m, On Fraxinus 

excelsior, 1990: T. Tonsberg 13461 (BG- 

L21848), 13462 (BG-L25502, dupl. (O- 

Ll l83l). same locality on Acer pseudoplatanus, 

13450 (BG-L21849, dupl. O-LI7809). 

Hjelmeland, Ardal, Mele bru, 1970, J. Hovda 

(O-L45 125). Ardal, UTM(ED50): LL 38 

61,1970, H. Krog (O-Ll7808). HA, Lite 

elvesskk NW for Varhoug, UTM(ED50): LL 

03 03, pf, stammen av Acer pseudoplatanus, 

1977 , O. Jslle (O-Ll 1833). Hi" Nesheim, near 

road RV44, UTM(ED50): LL 028 086, On 

Acer pseudoplatanus near rock fence, 1995, J. 

I. Johnsen (BG-Ll5l59). He" Near Rognabekken, 

UTM(ED5O): LL 037 036, On Acer 

pseudoplatanus in A. pseudoplatanus forest, 

1996, J. I. Johnsen (BG-L33588). Sandnes, 

NV for Vatneleiren, UTM(ED50): LL 14 29, 

pi stamme av et hasseltre, 1977, O. Jolle (O- 

Ll 1834). Stavanger, Forusstranden, On Quercus 

in old oak-wood, 1993, J. I. Johnsen, det. 

D. O. Ovstedal, 1994 (BG-L14245). Stavanger, 

Forusstranden, UTM(ED5O): LL 128 329, 

alt. 5-10 m, On Quercus in Quercus forest, 

1994, J. I. Johnsen (BG-L34685). Tysvrr, 

Tveit Jordbruksskole, UTM(ED50): LL 17 83, 

Ph, Acer pseudoplatanus, 1970, H. Osthagen 

(O-L17807). Tysvrr, Tveit landbruksskole, 

UTM(ED5O): LL 17 83, p[ platanlonn pi 

tunet, 1980, J. Holtan-Hartwig & E. Timdal. 

1537 (O-Ll 1836). Hordaland: Austrheim,

14 Yngvar Gaussla 

Ares, On big Acer pseudoplatanus, close to 

road, 197l, D. O. Ovstedal (BG-L748S). 

Acknowledgements 

Thanks to the herbaria in BG and O for loan 

of specimens, and to Andrd Aptroot and Kok 

van Herk for their fast confirmation of the 

identification of the newly found specimen. 

References 

Barkman, J. J. 1958: Phytosociologt and ecologl 

of cryptogamic epiphytes. van 

Gorcum, Assen. 


Gauslaa, Y. 1985: The ecology of Lobarion 

pulmonariae and Parmelion caperatae in 

Quercus dominated forests in South-west 

Nonvay. Lichenologist I 7: ll7 -140. 

Gauslaa, Y. 1999: Parmelia submontana new 

to Norway. Graphis Scripta I I:25-28. 

van Herk, K., & A. Aptroot. 2000: The sorediate 

Punctelia species with lecanoric acid 

in Europe. Lichenologist 3 2: 233-246. 

Krog, H. l97l: En lavekskursjon til Rogaland. 

Blyttia 29: 16l-168.

Moelleropsis nebulosa rediscovered in Sweden 

STEFAN EKMAT{, PATRIK FRODEN and MARTIN WESTBERG 

Ekman, S., Fr0ddn, P. & Westberg, M. 2000: Moelleropsis nebulosa rediscovered 

in Sweden. Graphis Stipta I2: 15-22. Stockholm. ISSN 0901-7593. 

In 1998, Moelleropsis nebulosa (Hoffrn.) Gyeln. wzls discovered in two 

nearby localities in northwestern Skfure. These are the first Swedish finds 

since 1960. In the new localities, the species occurs on thin mineral soil 

covering coastal diabasic rocks with a sparse cover of vascular plants and 

with few other lichens. It is argued that the species may have been overlooked 

in this type of habitat. Old records were predominantly from anthropogenous 

habitats. 

Stefan Elcrnan, Department of Botany, University of Bergen, Alldgaten 4l , N- 

5007 Bergen, Norway. 

Patrik Frdddn and Martin Westberg, Department of Systematic Botany, 

(Jniversity of Lund, Ostra Vallgatan 18-20, SE-223 6l Lund, Sweden. 

Moelleropsis nebulosa (Hoffu.) Gyeln. has 

been collected from a total of 15 localities in 

Sweden (Ingelcig et al. 1993). The finds are 

scattered over southern and central Sweden, 

with a slight over-representation in the western 

part of the country. The first Swedish find 

was made in 1823 by G. Wahlenberg. It was 

last collected in the province of Vtirmland, 

central Sweden, in 1960. According to recent 

literature, it was mostly found on sandy or 

clayey soils in open, often man-made habitats 

(Ingelog et al. 1993, Aronsson et al. 1995, 

Almborn 1948). This is certainly true for the 

southwesternmost part of the country, where 

the two known finds where made in a clay pit 

and on a sandy railway embankment, respectively 

(Arup & Ekman 1997). Due to the 

absence of recent finds, the species was considered 

extinct from Sweden in the 1995 

national Red List (Aronsson et al. 1995). 

In July 1998, SE had the opportunity of 

having Moelleropsis nebulosa demonstrated 

by Dag Olav Ovstedal on a locality on the 

island Sotra neur Bergen in Hordaland, western 

Norway. Here, the species occurs on min- 

eral soil covering shelves of a west-facing, 

more or less vertical, siliceous rock. Apparently, 

the species has occurred here continuously 

at least since its discovery in 1978 

(according to a collection in herbarium BG). 

This habitat ecology contrasts strongly to what 

has generally been assumed about the Swedish 

finds. Could it be that Moelleropsis nebulosa 

occurs primarily in fairly stable habitats, 

where it has remained undiscovered by 

Swedish lichenologists, and that its appearances 

in disturbed, ephemeral habitats are of a 

secondary nature? 

To investigate this idea, the authors 

visited the rocky coast of northwestern Skfuie, 

southernmost Sweden, in early September 

1998. Our first stop was in the small village of 

Arild, where Moelleropsrs was discovered on 

the very first rocky outcrop where it was 

searched for! Later the same duy, a second 

locality only about 300 meters away was 

discovered. The Moelleropsis populations and 

the habitats are described in detail below. The 

names of vascular plants follow Karlsson 

(l ee8).

16 Stefan Elonan et al. GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000) 

Figure 1. The first of the two localities in Arild (NW Skine, Sweden), wherc Moelleropsis 

nebulosa (Hoffrn.) Gyeln. was found in 1998. The locality is photographed from the wsw, and 

Moelleropsis occurs on the right-hand part ofthe diabasic rock. -photo: patrik Fr0d€n. 

The localities 

At the first locality (Figure l), Moelleropsis 

nebulosa was found on a diabasic rock situated 

25 m from the sea and 2-7 above sea 

level. The locality was partly protected by 

deciduous trees on the S and SE side s. Moel- 

Ieropsis occurred on thin mineral soil covering 

small shelves of the sunlit Sw-facing side 

of the rock, which had an average inclination 

of c. 50o. The inclination of the individual 

shelves varied from l0 to almost 90o. Moelleropsis 

apparently favoured sites where it 

enjoyed a slight protection by other plants, e. 

g., just below grass tufts, under the leaves of 

Plantago lanceolata, or under thin, crawling 

Cotoneaster shrubs. We counted I I thalli 

ranging from I to 7 cm2 in size. The larger 

thalli had more or less abundant apothecia 

(Figure 2). The following vascular plants were 

observed in the immediate vicinity of the 

Moelleropsis population: Sedum acre, Potentilla 

argentea s. lat., Cotoneaster kullensis, 

Galium ventm, Armeria maritima, 

Campanula rotundifolia, Thymus serpyllum, 

Plantago lanceolata, Poa compressa, and 

Aira praecox. The only other lichens observed 

were depauperate specimens of Cladonia 

species. 

At the second, close-by locality, Moelleropsis 

occurred on a rather low diabasic 

rock in overgrown pasture-land 40 m from 

and 5 m above the sea. The north side of the 

rock, facing the sea, was protected by young 

deciduous trees. On the west side of the rock 

was a thicket of Prunus spinosa, Lonicera 

caprtfolium, and Rubzs species. Moelleropsis 

was found on sunlit, naked mineral soil on the 

western and northwestern sides of the rock, 

which had an average inclination of 45o. The 

surfaces where Moelleropsis grows had an 

inclination of 20 to almost 90". The thalli 

were found between pebbles or under protecting 

grass tufts. Only three thalli, ranging in 

size from I to 2 cnf , were observed, none of 

which had apothecia. Associated vascular

GRAPHTS SCRTPTA 12 (2000) Moelleropsis nebulosa l7 

Figure 2. One of the specimens of Moelleropsis nebulosa occurring on basic mineral soil at the 

first of the two localities in Arild (the locality illustrated in Figure l). Note the single apothecium 

at the top of the specimen. Photo: Patrik Friid6n. 

plants were Campanula rotundifolia, Thymus 

serpyllum, Galium verum, Plantago lanceolata, 

Hieracium pilosella, Helictotrichon 

pratense, Festuca ovina, Agrostis capillaris, 

and Poa compressa. Other lichens occuffed 

very sparingly; only a few depauperate thalli 

of Cladonia chlorophaea (Fl6rke ex Sommerf.) 

Spreng. were observed. 

Localities and collections. Sweden. Skane: 

Brunnby par., Arild, c. 200 m E of the chapel, 

SW-facing slope of coastal diabasic rock, on 

thin soil on rock-shelves, RN (Swedish Grid) 

62431 13000, alt. 2-7 m, 3 September 1998, 

leg. Ekman 3426, Frriddn & Westberg (LD), 

the collection represents a part of one of the 

thalli observed. Arild, c. 600 m ESE of the 

chapel, W- and NW-facing coastal diabasic 

rock, on thin mineral soil covering the rock; 

RN (Swedish Grid) 62429 13003, alt. 5 m, 3 

September 1998, Ekman, Frciddn & Westberg, 

no material was collected. 

Threats against the present populations 

In a long perspective, the most powerful threat 

against the present populations comes from 

shading by invading trees and shrubs. Both 

localities have young deciduous trees in the 

immediate vicinity, which have obviously 

become established fairly recently. The first 

locality is partly kept free from competitive 

shrubs and trees due to wear by outdoor 

recreation. At the second locality, the situation 

is already critical. If the overgrowing continues 

and the localities become shaded, this will 

certainly destroy the Moelleropsis populations.

18 Stefan Elonan et al. 

How common is Moelleropsis nebulosa in 

Sweden? 

At the present localities, Moelleropsis occurs 

on mineral soil over slightly basic rocks. In 

Denmark, it is stated to occur on "acid rocks" 

(Alstrup & Sschting 1989; in translation from 

Danish), and the same was true for the Norwegian 

locality where it was first demonstrated 

to SE. Apparently, a mineral-rich (and 

humus-poor) soil is more important to Moelleropsis 

than the pH of the rock (or the soil). 

High air humidity may also be an important 

factor. If these observations are corect, there 

are numerous potential localities in rocky 

areas of Sweden, particularly along parts of 

the coast. On the other hand, if Molleropsis 

had been a truly cornmon lichen, it is unlikely 

that it would have escaped attention for such a 

long time, even if its habitat is poorly studied 

from a lichenological point of view. It is probable 

that Moelleropsis is scattered along the 

coasts of southern Sweden, but its true 

frequency remains to be established. Hopefully, 

this paper will inspire lichenologists to 

keep an eye open. 


We are indebted to Tor Tsnsberg for providing 

valuable comments on the manuscript. 


Dag Olav Avstedal is greatfully acknowledged 

by SE for demonstratin g Moelleropsis nebulosa 

in the field. Mora Aronsson is thanked 

for providing us with an excerpt from the 

database of Swedish red-listed lichens at 

ArtDatabanken. 

References 

Almborn, O. 1948: Distribution and ecology 

of some South Scandinavian lichens. Bot. 

Notiser, Suppl. I (2): l-252. 

Alstrup, V. & Sochting, U. 1989: Checkliste 

og status over Danmarks laver. Nordisk 

Lichenologisk Forening, Kobenhavn. 

Aronssotr, M., Hallingbiick, T. & Maffssoll, J.- 

E. I 995: R0dlistade vcixter i Sverige 1995. 

ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. 

Arup, U. & Ekman, S. 1997: Presentation av 

arterna. In: Arup, [J., Ekman, S., Kiirnefelt, 

I. & Mattsson, J.-E. (eds), 

Slcyddsvcirda lavar i sydvcistra Sverige. 

SBF-fbrlaget, Lund. 

Ingekig, T., Thor, G., Hallingback, T., 

Andersson, R. & Aronsson, M. 1993: 

Floravdrd i j ordbrukslandskapet. Slcyddsvcirda 

vcixter. SBT-fbrlaget, Lund. 

KarlssoD, T. 1998: Ftirteckning Over svenska 

kiirlvfiter. Svensk Bot. Tidslrr. 9l: 241- 

560.

Eopyrenula septemseptata new to Sweden and notes on the 

occurrence of E. leucoplaca 

PER JOHANSSON and JANOLOF HERMANSSON 

Johansson, P. & Hermansson, J. 2000: Eopyrenula septemseptata new to 

Sweden and notes on the occurrence of E. leucoplaca. Graphis Scripta 12: 

19-23. Stockholm. ISSN 0901-7593. 

Eopyrenula septemseptata is reported new to Sweden from the island of 

Gotland. The species is hitherto known only from Norway and Scotland. 

Several new localities for E. leucoplaca, which has been considered to be 

rare in Sweden, Ne reported from south to northernmost Sweden. This 

species is concluded to be somewhat overlooked in Sweden. 

Per Johansson, Department of Conservation Biologt, SLU, P. O. Box 7002, 

SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. 

Janolof Hermansson, Ludvika Municipality, Unit for Physical Planning, ^SE- 

771 82 Ludvika, Sweden. 

During a survey of deciduous forests and 

wooded meadows on Gotland in 1996 Eopyrenula 

leucoplaca was reported from three 

localities (Johansson & Croneborg 1997). In 

1998 two new records of Eopyrenula were 

confirmed as E. septemseptata by Brian 

Coppins. A re-examination of the material 

first reported uN E. leucoplaca revealed 

another two localities of E. septemseptata but 

one still refers to E. leucoplaca. Thus, one 

locality of E. leucoplaca and four of E. 

septemseptata is now known from Gotland. E. 

septemseptata was recently described and has 

hitherto been reported only from four localities 

in all: three in Scotland and one in 

Southwest Norway (Coppins et al. 1992). 

In Sweden E. leucoplaca is thought to 

have declined during the last century and is 

treated as Endangered (Thor 1996, Thor & 

Arvidsson 1999). Also in other European 

countries this species is rare, and it is included 

in the Red Lists of Denmark, Poland and 

Slovakia (see Thor 1996). In 1997-1999 we 

recorded E. leucoplaca at several new localities 

in the provinces of Uppland, Sciderman- 

land and Dalarna in east-central and middle 

Sweden. In the autumn of 1999 it was also 

found in Lule Lappmark in northernmost 

Sweden. 

The aim of this paper is to describe the 

ecology of Eopyrenula septemseptata on 

Gotland and to discuss the ecology and status 

of E. leucoplaca in Sweden. 

Eopyrenula septemseptata 

E. septemseptata is similar to E. leucoplaca 

but is separated by having longer spores with 

more septa and by long, -26 Fffi, 6-7 septate 

macroconidia. The tnacroconidia of E. leucoplaca 

are short, - l0 Ffl, and I -septate. The 

irscospores are 2l-38 pm in E. septemseptata 

compared to 18-26 pm in E. leucoplaca (Coppins 

1992). The best way to separate them is 

by the macroconidia which are diagnostic. For 

a thorough description of E. septemseptata 

and good illustrations of ascospores and 

conidia see Coppins et al. (1992). 

At two localities on Gotland E. septemseptata 

was collected with pycnidia alone, ffid 

at two localities it was collected with perithe-

20 Per Johansson and Janolov Hermansson 

Figure 1. Localities for Eopyrenula septemseptata on Gotland. 

cia but no pycnidia. The specimens from 

Gotland are characteized by long macroconidia, 

2l-26 x 4-5 Fffi, with 6-7 septa. The 

ascospores are 24-36 x 6-9.6 pm and 5-8 

septate, thus longer and having more septa 

than the ascospores of E. leucoplaca. They are 

also somewhat more "snow-shoe" shaped and 

pointed at the ends than the ascospores of E. 

leucoplaca. 

E. septemseptata was found at four localities 

(Figure l), all former wooded meadows 

dominated by Corylus avellana, Frascinus 

excelsior and Quercus robur. Three of these 


localities are pastures today and the canopy is 

more or less open. Old pollarded trees are 

cornmon, especially of ^F. excelsior. The epiphyic 

lichen flora is rich with many red-listed 

species. The fourth locality, in Biil parish, is 

somewhat different. It consists mainly of 

younger deciduous forest with scattered old 

trees of Quercus robur and Ulmus minor. The 

canopy is closed and other lichens found are 

species such as Arthonia cinnabarina and 

Thelotrema lepadinuffi, which are typical of 

more closed stands with high humidity.


At all localities E. septemseptata was 

found on Fraxinus excelsior. It was only 

found at one tree at each locality, forming 

quite extensive patches at each tree though. 

The tree-diameter at breasfheight varied from 

12 to just above 30 centimeters. The bark 

texture is smooth to moderately fissured, with 

crevices to about five millimeters depth. E. 

septemseptata is mostly gfowing on smooth 

bark between the crevices. 

Associated species are both species which 

ate early in succession, such as Graphis 

scripta, Lecidella elaeochroma and Phlyctis 

agelaea and late successional species such as 

Acrocordia gemmata, Bacidia rubella, 

Gyalecta truncigena and Megalaria grossa. 

Localities: Gotland: Ala p&r., FjAlangar 3.5 

km SSW of Ala church, 57o23T{ 18"37'8, or 

Fraxinus excelsior in wooded meadow, 1998, 

P. Johansson (herb. Johansson); Bunge por., 

Bunn 2,1 km WSW of Bunge church, close to 

road 148, 57o51'N 19"00'E, otr old pollarded 

Fraxinus excelsior in wooded meadow, 1998, 

P. Johansson (herb. Johansson); Bal pil., 

north of Norrgarde 1.5 km SE of Btil church, 

57o38N 18o40'E, or young Fraxinus excelsior 

in deciduous forest, 1996, P. Johansson 

(herb. Johansson); Ltirbro pil., Gldsttide 3,5 

km SSW of Ltirbro church, 57"46T{ 1847'E, 

on Fraxinus excelsior in wooded meadow, 

1998, P. Johansson I I I (UPS). 

Eopyrenula leucoplaca 

E. leucoplaca is characterized by its white and 

somewhat shining thallus with relatively small 

and scattered perithecia somewhat immrrsed 

in the thallus. Sometimes only pycnidia are 

found and these are superficially similar to the 

perithecia. Compared to other pyrenocolps, 

like Acrocordia spp. and Anisomeridium 

biforme which can be found in the same 

habitats, the perithecia of E. leucoplaca are 

smaller, more scattered and immersed in the 

thallus. For a close description of E. leucoplaca 

see Coppins (1992). 

Eopyrenula 2l 

In 1997-1999 we found E leucoplaca at 

nine localities in Uppland, seven in Dalarna, 

two in Sridermanland (one record by Thomas 

Johansson), one on Gotland and one in Lule 

Lappmark. Most of these records were made 

at localities dominated by broad-leaved trees, 

such as Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior 

and Umus glabra, with a rich epiphytic lichen 

flora. In Uppland these localities are often 

former meadows, while in Dalarna they are 

church-yards and parks. At these localities E. 

leucoplaca was mostly found on Acer platanoides 

(Uppland), Fra,rinus excelsior 

(Uppland), Tilia cordata and Ulmus glabra 

(Dalarna), but also on youn g Populus tremula. 

In Lule Lappmark in northernmost 

Sweden and at one locality in Dalarna E. 

leucoplaca was found in a different habitat: 

late successional stages after forest-fires with 

mixed forest of deciduous trees and spruce 

Picea abies along small brooks. Here E. 

leucoplaca was found on Populus tremula. At 

the locality in Lule Lappmark the lichen flora 

on P. tremula and Salix caprea is luxuriant 

with species such as Collema curtisporum, C. 

occultatum, Lobaria pulmonaria and Pannaria 

pezizoides. In Dalarna E. leucoplaca is 

growing together with e. g. Collema fur/uraceum, 

E. leucoplaca was most often found on 

moderately fissured bark of younger trees and 

rarely in bark crevices of old trees. On old 

trees it is probably suffering from competition 

from other crustose lichens. 

At one locality in Uppland and two in 

Dalarna E. leucoplaca was found to be 

comrnon, forming extensive patches on the 

phorophytes (Husby-Arlinghundra" Jtirna and 

Silvberg par.). At several localities it was 

found on one to a few trees but common and 

forming extensive patches on these trees, and 

at ten localities it was just found sparse on 

single trees. 

Localities: Gotland: Bunge par., Bunn 2.2k:rr 

WSW of Bunge church, south of the farm, 

57o51'N 19o00'E, on old Fraxinus excelsior in 

former pasture, 1998, P. Johansson (herb.

22 Per Johansson and Janolov Hermansson 

Johansson). Shdermanland: Brtinnkyrka pil., 

Sdtra strand, 59ol7N 17"47'E, oD young 

Populus tremula in closed deciduous forest, 

1998, P. Johansson (herb. Johansson); 

Vtisterljungs ptr., N of Tvliren, Luckebol, 

58o48N 17o36'E, oo one Ulmus, 1999, T. 

Johansson (herb. T. Johansson). Uppland: 

Husby-arlinghundra pff., Viisterflngsudd, c. 

4.5 km SW of Miirsta church, 59o35N 

17o40'E, common on Acer platanoides and 

Fraxinus excelsior in deciduous forest and 

overgrown pasture, 1998, P. Johansson (herb. 

Johansson); Lohtirad pil., Kristineholm, c. 

500 m NE of the mansion, 60"00N 18o58'E, 

abundant on Acer platanoides in forest edge, 

1997, P. Johansson (herb. Johansson); Norrtiilje 

pil., Lindholmens Nature Reserve, 4 km 

NE of NorrtAlje church, 59"46N 18o45'E, oo 

Fraxinus excelsior and Populus tremula, 

1999, P. Johansson (not collected); 

Roslagsbro par., R0rvik Nature Reserve I km 

N of Rdrvik, 60o00N 59o60'E, oo Acer platanoides, 

1999, P. Johansson (not collected); 

Ridmansri pil., Riddersholm, Kvarnudden, 

the western part, 6 km SE of Ridmanso 

church, 59o45N 19o00'8, oo ash Fraxinus 

excelsior in meadow with broad-leaved 

deciduous forest, 1997, P. Johansson 7 (UPS); 

S6derby-Karl pil., I km W Ekeby, c. 5 km N 

of S0derby-Karl church, 60o00N 18o40'E, otr 

Acer platanoides and Fraxinus excelsior in a 

semi-open pasture, 1997, P. Johansson 75 

(UPS); Vaksala p&r., 600 m E of Vittulsberg 

mansion, 59"55N l7o4l'F, on Populus 

tremula at forest edge, 1999, P. Johansson 

(not collected); Vaksala por., Hakriset,2.l km 

NE of Vittulsberg mansion, 59"55N 17o42'E, 

on Acer platanoides in closed mixed forest, 

1999, P. Johansson (not collected); Overgran 

ptr., Biskops Arno, eastern part of Kungstrfldgf,rden, 

59o40N 17o30'E, sparse on old Fraxinus 

excelsior in wooded meadow, 1997, P. 

Johansson (herb. Johansson). Dalarna: 

Garpenberg por., Garpenberg mansion, 

60ol8N l6o12'F', on Acer in the park, 1999 J. 

Hermansson (herb. Hemansson); Grangiirde 

pff., "Kalles biick", 60"20N 15o00'E, otr two 

trees of Populus tremula in mixed forest, 


1999, J. Hermansson (herb. Hemansson); 

Hedemora pff., Nyhyttan, 60ol8N 16o00'E, 

sparse on old Fraxinus excelsior, 1999, J. 

Hermansson (herb. Hermansson); Jtirna pff., 

Sndi mill, 60o32N 14o27'F,, abundant on 

Populus and Wmus south of the mansion, 

1998, J. Hermansson 8506 (UPS); Leksand 

ptr., Leksand church, 60o45N 15o00'E, abundant 

on Tilia cordata at the church-yard, 

1999, J. Hermansson (herb. Hemansson); 

Nonbiirk€ pil., by the STORA offrce building, 

60o10N 15o25'E, or solitary Ulmus 

glabra in pasture, 1998, J. Hermansson (herb. 

Hemansson); Silvberg par., Griingshammar by 

the church, 6021N 15o30'E, sparse on Quercus 

robur, 1999, J. Hermansson (herb. 

Hemansson). Lule Lappmarfr: Jokkmokk por., 

NW of Aspberg€t, 3,5 km SW Kf,ikul, 

66"20N 20o33'E, oD Populus tremula in 

mixed forest, 1999, P. Johansson I l2 (UPS). 

Discussion 

The records of Eopyrenula septemseptata 

indicate a wider global distribution than was 

hitherto known. The records from Gotland 

also indicate that it is well distributed across 

the island (Figure I ). In Nonvay and Scotland 

it has been found on young Populus tremula 

and on both young and old stems of Corylus 

(Coppins et al. 1992). On Gotland it was 

found on both young and old stems of Frav 

inus. The conclusion from these records is that 

E. septemseptata is an early species in lichen 

succession on trees, most abundant in midsuccessional 

stages. On older stems it is confined 

to smoother bark between bark crevices. 

The ecology of E. leucoplaca is similar to 

that of E. septemseptata. Several of our 

records on younger trees, especially on 

Populus tremula, indicate that its dispersal 

capacity is good, at least across short distances. 

On young P. tremula it was found 

together with few other lichens and only trivial 

species such us Lecidella elaeochroma and 

Phlyctis argena (compare with E. septemseptata 

in Coppins et al. 1992).


E. leucoplaca is treated as Vulnerable in 

the Swedish Red List (Gtirdenfors 2000, Thor 

& Arvidsson 1999). During an investigation 

in 1990- 1995 it was refound on only one of 

eight old localities (Thor 1996). However, the 

new records since 1997 indicate that E. leucoplaca 

is hitherto overlooked in Sweden. The 

most interesting records in this aspect are 

those on Populus tremula. They indicate a 

wide potential distribution in Sweden. There 

are still relatively few localities known 

though, and E. leucoplaca seems to be most 

abundant in areas with a continuity of deciduous 

trees and together with other red-listed 

lichens. Therefore it is still relevant to treat E 

leucoplaca as a threatened and rare species. 

Future investigation will tell if E leucoplaca 

is a successful colonist, and by that increase 

its range. 


We wish to express our gratitude to Brian 

Coppins who has been patient in looking at 

material and to Goran Thor for his comments 

on the manuscript. Thomas Johansson has 

kindly provided information about his record 

of E. leucoplaca from Sridermanland. Part of 

the work has been done during a survey of 

deciduous forest on Gotland financed by 

Eopyrenula 23 

World Wildlife Fund WWF and the National 

Agency of Nature conseryation. 

References 

Coppins, B. J., James, P. W. & Hawksworth, 

D. 1992: New species and combinations 

in the lichen flora of Great Britain and 

Ireland. Lichenologist 24: 35 l-369. 

Coppins, B. J. 1992: Eopyrenula. In: Purvis, 

O.W., Coppins,8.J., Hawksworth, D. L., 

James, P. J. & Moore, D. M. (eds): The 

lichen flora of Great Britain and lreland. 

Natural History Publications/The British 

Lichen Society, London. 

Gtirdenfors, U. (red.) 2000: Rddlistade arter i 

Sverige 2000 The 2000 Red List of 

Swedish Species. ArtDatabanken, SLU, 

Uppsala. 

Johansson, P. & Croneborg, H. 1997: 

L0vmarksinventering pn Gotland. Rindi 

I 7: 28-33. 

Thor, G. 1996: The biology and distribution 

of three red-listed lichens in Sweden. 

Symb. Bot. Ups. 3l (3): 355-363. 

Thor, G. & Arvidsson, L. (eds) 1999: 

Rddlistade lavar i Sverige Artfakta. 

[Swedish Red Data Book of Lichens]. 

ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala.

A contribution to the lichen flora of West Jutland, Denmark 

ANDRE APTROOT 

Aptroot, A. 2001: A contribution to the lichen flora of West Jutland, 

Denmark. Graphis Scripta 12: 24-28. Stockholm. ISSN 090l-7593. 

Some localities with trees, megalithic monuments, churches and inland dunes 

in West Jutland were investigated for their lichen flora. The lichen flora was 

found to be surprisingly similar to that of the Netherlands. The following 

species have apparently not been reported from Denmark: Agonimia globulifere, 

Caloplaca ntderum, Cladonia borealis, C. callosa (*asilissima), C. 

neglecta, Dirina stenhammarii, Gyalideopsis anastomosans, Lecanora 

aitema and Micarea leprosula. Some other species, viz. Aspicilia verrucigerA, 

Lecanora cenisia and Lecidea promixta have not been reported 

recently; Parmelia submontana was only once reported from Denmark but 

seenu to be spreadiilg, as is Xanthoparmelia mougeotii. 

Andrd Aptroot, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, P.O. Box 85167, 

NL-3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands. 

Living as a lichenologist in the Netherlands, 

which is totally devoid of natural rock 

outcroppings, one becomes used to investigating 

artificial substrates such as megalithic 

monuments and churches. While visiting West 

Jutland in 2000, some local monuments were 

visited, as well as some trees and a coastal and 

an inland dune area. Surprisingly, the lichen 

flora was very similar indeed to that of the 

Netherlands, and no species were found that 

does not appear on the Dutch checklist 

(Aptroot et al. 1999). As the records include 

some species that have apparently not been 

reported from Denmark in the checklist 

(Alstrup & Sochting 1989) or subsequent 

issues of Graphis Scripta, some details of the 

observations are given below. Since the publication 

of the checklist, only one additional 

report (Alstrup et al. 1992) has been published 

about the lichen flora of West Jutland. 

Material and methods 

Material of most species mentioned below has 

been preserved in the herbarium of the author 

(ABL). Authors names are only given for 

those species not mentioned in Santesson 

(r ee3). 

Churches 

All investigated churches in West Jutland 

have been built mainly from granite. They are 

relatively old, of a Roman Frisian style, but 

usually largely platered or white-painted. The 

number of lichen species growing on the 

churches is therefore low. As an example 

serves the Horne church near Varde (see 

below). From this locality, the following species, 

which are constant constituents of the 

lichen flora on churches in the British Isles, 

the Netherlands and N. Germany, have not 

previously been reported from Denmark: 

Caloplaca ntdentm and Dirina stenhammarii.


Horne church near Varde (8 August 2000) 

Buellia aethalea 

Buellia alboatra 

Caloplaca citrina 

C. ruderum (Malbr.) Laundon 

C. saxicola 

Candelariella aurella 

C. vitellina 

Dirina stenhammarii (Fr. ex Stenh.) Poelt ex 

Follm. 

Haematomma ochroleucum (both chemical 

strains) 

Lecania rabenhorstii 

Lecanora albescens 

L. campestris (with Vouauxiella lichenicola) 

L. dispersa 

L. expallens 

L. hagenii 

L. polytropa 

L. rupicola 

Physcia caesia 

Rinodina gennarii 

S c o I i c i o sp o rum umb rinum 

Tephromela atra 

Xanthoria parietina 

Megalithic monuments 

The megalithic monuments in Jutland mostly 

date back to the neolithicum and are comparable 

to those in N. Germany and the Netherlands, 

and to some extent with those in W. 

France and the British Isles. The lichen flora 

is often somewhat neglected for practical 

reasons (collecting is virtually impossible but 

often desirable for crustose soricolous 

lichens). An exception to this is the situation 

in the Netherlands, where the lichens on 

megalithic monuments are routinely monitored 

(van den Boom et al. 1996), by lack of 

natural rock outcroppings. Several monuments 

in Jutland were visited, but only incomplete 

species lists could be made. No unexpected 

taxa were found, but the flora is generally 

well-developed. However, it is still in the 

original state, with only acidophytic species 

being present. They are all species that usually 

grow saxicolous, whereas on the Dutch mega- 

Lichens of West Jutland 25 

lithic monuments increasingly nitrophytes and 

epiphytes are found. 

Skjern, Dejbjerg Hede, erratic blocks ( I I 

August 2000) 

Lecidea promixta 

Micarea erratica 

Rhizocarpon reductun Th. Fr. 

Trapelia coarcata 

T. obtegens 

Baekke, Klebaekke Haje, megalithic monument 

(l I August 2000) 

Acarospora fuscata 


C and el ari ell a vit ell in a 

Lecanora orosthea 

L. polytropa 

L. rupicola 

Lecidea fuscoatra 

L. Iithophila 

Lepraria incana 

Polysporina simplex 

Porpidia macrocarpa 

P. soredizodes 

P. tuberculosa 

Psilolechia lucida 

Holsted, Fawskov, Ae Stuer Jyndovn, megalithic 

monument (6 August 2000) 


Aspicilia verrucigera 


Candel ariel I a vit ell in a 

Fuscidea praeruptorum 

Lecanora orosthea 

L. polytropa 

L. rupicola 


L. plana 

L. promixta 


Melanelia disjuncta 

M. glabratula 

Neofuscelia loxodes 

N. verntculifera 

Parmelia saxatilis 

Polysporina simplex

26 Andrd Aptroot 





Rhizocarpon lecanorinum 

R. reductum Th. Fr. 

Scolicio sp otam umbrinum 

Stereocaulon evolutum 

Trapelia involuta 

T. placodioides 

Umbil icari a p olyp hyll a 

Xant hop armel i a cons p ers a 

Umbilicaria polyphylla 

Xanthop armelia consp ers a 

X. mougeotii 


Ansager, Ansager Plantage, heathland with 

Pine forest and boulders (10 August 2000) 


Cetraria aculeata 

C. muricata 

Cladonia certticornis ssp. pulvinata 

Stereocaulon condensatum 

Trapelia involuta 


Holsted, Favrskov, Jyndovn og Tinghoj, Xanthoparmelia mougeotii 

megalithic monument (6 August 2000) 


Aspicilia simo€nsis 

Baeomyces ntfus 


C and el ari ell a vit el I in a 

Fuscidea praeruptontm 

Lecanora cenisia 

L. orosthea 

L. polytropa 

L. rupicola 


L. lithophila 

L. promixta 


Melanelia glabratula 

Micarea lignaria 

Neofuscelia loxodes 

Parmelia saxatilis 

Placynthiella icmalea 

Polysporina simplex 





Rhizo c arp on I ec ano rinum 

R. reductum Th. Fr. 

Scoliciosporum umbrinum 

Stereocaulon evolutum 

Trapelia coarctata 

T. involuta 

T. obtegens 


Trap el iop s is p s eudo granul o s a 

Inland dunes 

Most of the inland dune areas in Jutland are 

covered by heathland or extensive pine plantations. 

One area, the Grene Sande south of Billund 

(visited 12 August 2000); is more open 

and still contains active dunes. The area was 

found to be relatively rich, containing most 

species growing in comparable environments 

in the Netherlands (and formerly also in N. 

Germany). As this environment is relatively 

rare, it merits close monitoring of the lichen 

flora, which on such nutrient-poor soils contains 

more species than the phanerogam flora. 

Among the species found, several were apparently 

not previously reported from Denmark: 

Cladonia borealis, C. callosa, C. neglecta, 

Lecanora aitema (Ach.) Hepp and Micarea 

leprosula. All except the Lecanora, which 

grows on Pinus twigs together with e.g. 

Lecanora conizaeoides, Usnea hirta and 

Buellia griseovirens, were found in close contact 

on relatively open, nearly flat parts of the 

dune system, with a high lichen diversity and 

cover. Cladonia neglecta is an overlooked cup 

lichen, details of which will be reported elsewhere. 

It is characteristic of acid soils, especially 

inland dunes, and is often found together 

with, e.g. C. borealis. Cladonia bellidiflora 

is increasingly rare in Denmark. 

The full list of terricolous species found in the 

Grene Sande 

Baeomyces ntfus


Cetraria aculeata 

C. islandica 

C. muricata 

Cladonia arbuscula 

C. bellidiflora 

C. borealis (TLC: barbatic and usnic acids) 

C. callosa Delise ex Harm. (=frasilissima; 

TLC: grayanic acid) 

C. cervicornis s. str. 

C. c. ssp. pulvinata 

C. chlorophaea 

C. crispata 

C. diversa 

C. furcata 

C. glauca 

C. gracilis 

C. macilenta s.str. 

C. m. ssp. floerkeana 

C. merochlorophaea 

C. neglecta (Floerke in Weber & Mohr) 

Sprengel 

C. ramulosa 

C. scabriuscula 

C. subulata 

C. uncialis 

C. zopfii 

Dibaeis baeomyces 

Micarea leprosula 

M. ligraria 

Peltigera rufescens 

Placynthiella icmalea 

P. oligotropha 

P. uliginosa 

St ereo c aul on cond ens atum 

Trapeliopsis granulosa 

Coastal dunes 

The lichen floras of coastal dunes, especially 

those on the Wadden Sea Islands, have repeatedly 

been studied before. A full (but sometimes 

overlooked) report on the lichen flora of 

all Danish, German and Dutch Wadden Sea 

Island is given by Brand & Ketner-Oostra 

(1983). Only one noticeable addition was 

recorded on sandy soil on the island Fano (9 

August 2000): the recently (Sdrusiaux et al. 

Lichens of West Jutland 27 

1999) described Agonimia globulifera Brand 

& Diederich. 

Trees 

Not much attention was paid to the epiphytic 

lichens, as they have been thoroughly investigated 

already. However, the following two 

species of interest were found on Sorbus at 

Bundsbaek Mslle near Skjern (7 August 

2000). Gyalideopsis anastomosans, which 

was apparently not previously reported from 

Denmark. Only once reported from Denmark 

(Christensen 1997) is Parmelia submontan*, 

present abundantly on these trees. This species 

seerns to be spreading in other regions as well, 

as is shown by recent records from Germany 

(Eifel), Luxembourg and the Netherlands. 

References 

Alstrup, V., Christensen, S. N., Nissen, M., 

Svane, S. & Sschting, U. 1992: Notes on 

the lichen flora of Denmark V. Graphis 

Scripta 3: 127 -l 3 I . 

Alstrup, V. & Sochting, U. 1989: Checkliste 

og status over Danmarks laver. Nordisk 

Lichenologisk Forening, Kobenhavn. 

Aptroot, A., Herk, C. M. van, Spanius, L. B. 

& Boom, P. P. G. van den 1999: Checklist 

van de Nederlandse lichenen en lichenicole 

fungi. Btnbaumiella 50(l): l-64. 

Boom, P. P. G. van den, Aptroot, A. & Herk, 

C. M. van 1996: The lichen flora of megalithic 

monuments in the Netherlands. 

Nova Hedwigia 62: 9l - 104. 

Brand, A. M. & Ketner-Oostra, R. 1983: 

Lichens. In: Dijkema, K. S. & Wolfl W. 

J. (eds): Flora and vegetation of the Wadden 

Sea Islands and coastal areas. 

Stichting Veth tot Steun aan Waddenonderzoek, 

Leiden, pp. 73-84. 

Christensen, S. N. 1997: Parmelia submontana 

new to Denmark. Graphis Scripta 8: 6l - 

63. 

Santesson, R. 1993: The lichens an lichenicolous 

frngi of Sweden and Norway. 

SBT-frrlaget, Lund.

28 AndrdAptoot GRAPHISSCRIPTAI2(2O00) 

Sdrusiaux, E., Diederich, P., Brand, A.M. & from Belgium and Luxembourg. VIII. 

Boor4 P. P. G. van den 1999: New or LejeuniaN. S. 162: l-95. 

interesting lichens and lichenicolous fungi

Nya lavfynd frfln Halland och Smiland i sydvlistra Sverige 

Onrax FRITZ 

Fritz, O. ZOOO: Nya lavffnd fren Halland och Smiland i sydviistra Sverige. 

[New finds of lichens from the provinces of Halland and Smiland, SW 

Sweden .) Graphis Scripta I2: 29-31. Stockholm. ISSN 090l-7593. 

Eleven species of lichens are reported as new to the province of Halland, SW 

Sweden: Acrocordia cavata, Bacidia delicata, B. friesiana, Fellhanera 

bouteillei, F. myrtillicola, F. subtilis, F. viridisorediata, Leptogium corniculatum, 

Ramalina baltica, Ramonia interjecta and Strangospora ochrophora. 

Most discoveries results from specific studies of lichens on Vaccinium myrtillus 

and Sambucus nigra. Thelopsis rubella is reported as new to the province 

of Smiland. 

Orjan Fritz, Lcinsstyrelsen Halland, S-301 86 Hatmstad, Sweden, E-mail: 

orjan.fritz@n.lst.se 

Fcir ett par fu sedan meddelade jag nigra 

nyheter i Hallands lavflora (Fritz 1998). HAr 

presenteras nyffnd upptiickta i Halland under 

aren 1998-2000. Ett ffnd frtu Smiland redovisas 

6ven. Flertalet av de nya ffnden i 

Halland iir resultat av riktade eftersOk av lavar 

pf, nigra fil lokaler med gammal fliider Sambucus 

nigra och blebar Vaccinium myrtillus. 

Resultatet av lavstudierna pf, blebar under 

september 2000 visar att i synnerhet Fellhanera 

subtilis men iiven F. bouteillei tidigare 

varit lorbisedda i ltinet, och aff de fdrefaller 

vara ttimligen vtil spridda pf, ltimpliga lokaler i 

itminstone den sddra delen av Halland. 

Nomenklaturen ftiljer huvudsakligen Santesson 

( 1993), med avsteg for Fellhanera myrtillicola 

(fr Arup & Ekman 1994) och F. 

viridisorediata fifr Ekman & Arup 2000) samt 

Ramonia interjecta (ifr Coppins, Thor & 

Nordin 1994). Inom parentes anges hotkategori 

ftir rddlistade arter enligt Giirdenfors 

(2000). Beltigg forvaras, med nigot undantag, 

tills vidare hos forfattaren. Efter artnamn foljer 

kommun, socken, lokal, 6rtal och substrat 

samt biotop. 

Halland 

Acrocordia cavata. Kungsbacka kn, FjAris sn, 

Tjol6holm, Slottsparken 1998. Pa alm 

Ulmus glabra i tidell0vskog. Conf. Ulf 

Arup. Fyndlokalen framgir av karta hos 

Thor & Arvidsson (1999). 

Bacidia delicata (EN). Halmstads kn, Ovraby 

str, Sperlingsholm, Skrikaredalen 1999. 

Fertila bilar pn flAder Sambucus nigra i 

sluttning med fldderbuskar. Conf. Stefan 

Ekman. Beltigg i Botaniskt Museum, Bergen. 

Dessutom funnen pf, ytterligare en 

lokal: Halmstads kn, Trdnninge Sr, 

Steglabacken 2000. Fertila bilar pfl fl?ider 

Sambucus nigra i barrplantering vid 

havet. 

Bacidia friesiana (EN). Halmstads kn, Ovraby 

sn, Sperlingsholm, Skrikaredalen 2000. Pe 

fltider Sambucus nigra i sluttning med 

fltiderbuskar. Rikt fertil. Conf. Ulf Arup. 

Fellhanera bouteillet (NT). Laholms kn, 

Kntired So, V om Husaltesjcin 2000. Pe 

gammalt blabiirsris Vaccinium myrtillus i 

gammal bokskog Fagus sylvatica med 

inslag av frtimst gran Picea abies och asp

30 O4an Fritz 

Populus tremula. Sparsamt med apothecier, 

men rikligt med pyknid. Dessutom 

sedd pn gterligare ffra lokaler i s6dra 

Halland under september 2000. 

F. myrtillicola. Laholms kn, Kniired sn, V om 

Husaltesjcin 2000. Pi gammalt blibiirsris 

Yaccinium myrtillus i gammal bokskog 

Fagus sylvatica med inslag av frtimst gran 

Picea abies och asp Populus tremula. 

Med sivtil apothecier som pyknid. Conf. 

Ulf Arup. 

F. subtilis. Latrolms kn, Kniired sr, V om 

Husaltesjrin 2000. Pi gammalt blflbtirsris 

Vaccinium myrtillus i gammal bokskog 

Fagus sylvatica med inslag av frtimst gran 

Picea abies och asp Populus tremula. 

Med sAviil apothecier som pyknid. Dessutom 

funnen pi ytterligare minst tio lokaler 

i sodra Halland under september 2000. 

F. viridisorediata. Hylte kn, Torup str, Mosilt 

2000. PA gammalt blibtirsris Vaccinium 

myrtillus vid grusviig med omgivande 

gammal banblandskog av gran Picea 

abies och tall Pinus rylvestris. Rikt fertil. 

Conf. Ulf Arup. Aven noterad i Halmstads 

kn, Enslcivs sil, Virsehatt naturreservat 

2000. Pi gammalt blibtirsris V. myrtillus i 

farbetad bjdrkhagsmark. Rikt fertil. 

Angavs nyligen som ny ftir Sverige 

(Ekman & Arup 2000). 

Leptogium corniculatum (NT). Kungsbacka 

kn, Fjares Sr, Tjoloholm, vid Jtigarens 

torp. Pe oversilad klipphAll i betesmark 

1998. Pi samma lokal och substrat forekom 

iiven L. magnussonii (NT), endast en 

gtuig tidigare funnen i landskapet (ifr 

Jorgensen 1994). Conf. Svante Hultengren 

(bAgge arterna). L. corniculatum har 

noterats tiven pf, loljande lokal: Halmstads 

kn, Tr6nninge sr, PAarp, Slyngestenen 

1998. Pe Oversilad klipphAll i havsniira 

betesmark. Fyndlokalernas ltige framgir 

av kartor hos Thor & Arvidsson (1999). 

Ramalina baltrca (NT). Halmstads kn, Ovraby 

sn, Sperlingsholms almall6 2000. Pe flera 

almar. Varken Lorentsson (1997) eller 

Thor & Arvidsson (1999) anger grnd av R. 


baltica eller av R. obtusata fren Halland. 

Conf. Per Johansson. 

Ramonia interjecta. Latrolms kn, Laholms sn, 

Mellbystrand 1998. Pe fldder Sambucus 

nigra nilra havet (leg. Svante Hultengren, 

herb. Hultengren). Dessutom funnen pn 

ytterligare en lokal: Halmstads kn, Ovraby 

sn, Sperlingsholm, Skrikaredalen 2000. pe 

fliider Sambucus nigra i sluttning med 

gamla fltiderbuskar. 

Strangospora ochrophora. Halmstads kn: 

Ovraby Sr, Slottsmrillan lggg. PA fliider 

Sambucas nigra i lOvskog vid in Nissan. 

Aven noterad pi ftiljande lokal: Halmstads 

kn, Ovraby Str, Sperlingsholm, Skrikaredalen 

2000. Pa flAd er Sambucus nigra i 

sluffning med fltiderbuskar. 

Smflland 

Thelopsis rubela (EN). Hylte kn, Lfuigaryds 

sn, Maris naturreservat 2000. Pi gammal 

bok Fagus sylvatica i gammal bokskog. I 

landskapet Halland ar nu totalt 50 lokaler 

ktinda. PA samma lokal och substrat iiven 

Thelopsis flaveola. Conf. Ulf Arup. T. 

flaveola har rapporterats frfln Smiland 

tidigare (ifr Gustavsson 1995). 

Tack 

Stort tack Ulf A*p, Stefan Ekman, Svante 

Hultengren och Per Johansson fiir kontroll av 

kollekt! 

Referenser 

Arup, U. & Ekman, S. 1994: Tre lavar i sliiktet 

Fellhanera pi bleb6r. Svensk Bot. 

Tidslv. 88: 33-41. 

Coppins, B. J., Thor, G. & Nordin, A. 1994: 

The genus Ramonia in Sweden. Graphis 

Scripta 6: 89-92. 

Ekman, S. & Arup, U. 2000: Notes on the 

lichen flora of southern Sweden III. 

Graphis Scripta I I: 4l-47 . 

Fritz, O. 1998: Nya och intressanta lavffnd 

fran sodra Sverige, s?irskilt Halland. 

Graphis Suipta 9: ll-14.


Gustavsson, H.-E. 1995: Lavfloran pi bok i 

Odegtirdet i vtistra Smiland. Svinsk Bot. 

Tidslv. 89:65-82. 

Gtirdenfors, U. (red.) 2000: R\dlistade arter i 

Sverige 2000 The 2000 Red List of 

Swedish Species. ArtDatabanken, SLU, 

Uppsala. 

Jorgensen, P. M. 1994: Further notes on 

European taxa of the lichen genus Leptogium, 

with emphasis on the small species. 

Lichenologist 26: l-29. 

Lavar frdn Halland 3l 

Lorentsson, S. 1997: Skillnader mellan 

Ramalina baltic4 hjrilmbrosklav, och R. 

obtusata, trubbig brosklav. Svensk Bot. 

Tidslv. 9l: 591-598. 



SBT-frrlaget, Lund. 

Thor, G. & Arvidsson, L. (red.) 1999: 

Rddlistade lavar i Sverige Artfakta. 

ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala. 

Klen- och senvuxna bokar hyser i Halland ofta en fdrbluffande infiessant lavflor4 t.ex. liten 

[dellav Catinaria laureri och violettgrd porlav Pertusaria multipuncta. Bokama pi bilden har 

antagligen utsatts ftlr betespAverkan eller skottskogsbruk som unga- Almeberget, Halland, maj 

2000. Foto: Orjan Fritz. 

On thin and late-grown beeches in the province of Halland many interesting lichens can be 

found, f. ex. Catinaria laureri and Pertusaria multipuncta. The beeches on the picture have been 

either browsed or coppiced when young. Almeberge! Halland, May 2000. photo: Orjan Fritz.

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of books (in taxonomic treatments in the teit) 

according to Stafleu & Cowan, Taconomic 

literature, 2nd edition. Spellings of 

geographical names follow The Times Atlas of 

the l4torld. 

For the layout of references, follow these 

examples: 

Hansen, E. S., Poelt, J. & Sschting, U. 1987: 

Die Flechtengattung Caloplaca in Gronland. 

Meddel. Grsnland, Biosci. 25: l-52. 

Kirk, P. M. & Ansell, A. E. 1992: Authors of 

fungal names: A list of authors of scienttfic 

names of fungi, with recommended 

standard forms of their names, including 

abbreviations. C.A.B. International, 

Wallingford. 

Krog, H. l99l: Lichenological observations 

in low montane rainforests of eastern 

Tanzania. In: Galloway, D. J. (ed.), 

Tropical Lichens: Their systematics, conservation 

and ecologt. The Systematics 

Association Special Volume 43: 85-94. 



SBT-frrlaget, Lund. 

Off-prints. Three copies of the journal are 

supplied free of charge to the first author. 

Additional copies may be ordered at extra 

cost. Papers may be copied free of charge.

GRAPHIS ScnIPTA 

Volyrn 12, hefte'1,, 2000 

Innehlll 

I On the identity of Ocellularia atlantica Erichs. 

P. M. Jorgensen 

3 The lichens on gneiss and diabase on Tiirn0, SE Sweden 

L. Frdberg 

9 Influence of air-drying and storage at - l 5 oC on cellular distributions of 

cations in Cladonia portentosa 

M. Hln cirinen and P. D. Crittenden 

12 Punctelia ulophylla new to Norway 

Yngvar Gauslaa 

l5 Moelleropsis nebulosa rediscovered in Sweden 

Stefan Ekman, Patrik Froddn and Martin lVestberg 

19 Eopyrenula septemseptata new to Sweden and notes on the occurrence of 

E. leucoplaca 

P. Johansson and J. Hermansson 

24 A contribution to the lichen flora of West Jutland, Denmark. 

Andrd Aptroot 

29 Nya lavffnd fran Halland och Smiland i sydvtistra Sverige 

[New finds of lichens from the provinces of Halland and Smiland, SW 

Sweden.l 

O4an Fritz

GRAPHIS ScnIPTA

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